PMID- 31252516 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20201001 IS - 1996-1944 (Print) IS - 1996-1944 (Electronic) IS - 1996-1944 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 13 DP - 2019 Jun 27 TI - Plasma-Sprayed Bioactive Ceramic Coatings with High Resorption Resistance Based on Transition Metal-Substituted Calcium Hexaorthophosphates. LID - 10.3390/ma12132059 [doi] LID - 2059 AB - Calcium (titanium, zirconium) hexaorthophosphates with a [NZP] (sodium zirconium phosphate) structure belonging to the NaSiCon (Na Superionic Conductor) family were deposited by atmospheric plasma spraying onto the surfaces of Ti6Al4V substrates. (NaSiCon sensu strictu refers to solids with the chemical formula Na(1+x)Zr(2)Si(x)P(3-x)O(12), 0 < x < 3. In a broader sense, it is also used for similar compounds where Na, Zr and/or Si are replaced by isovalent elements). The microstructure of the coatings revealed the incongruent melting of the precursor material as ascertained by electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). The adhesion of the coatings to the substrate surface was within the limits specified for biomedical coatings. The solubility of the coatings was tested by immersion in 0.2 molar tris-hydroxymethyl-amino-methane-HCl (TRIS-HCl) buffer and found to be at least one order of magnitude lower than that of conventional hydroxylapatite coatings deposited under comparable conditions. In vitro biocompatibility tests with primary rat bone marrow cells (BMCs) showed a substantial cell proliferation in the presence of fetal bovine serum. Animal tests confirmed that coatings based on calcium (titanium, zirconium) hexaorthophosphates applied to Ti6Al4V rods implanted in the femoral medulla of sheep led to the strong neoformation of dense bone at a stable interface implant-bioceramic coating without coating delamination. Hence, based on their multifarious advantageous properties in the biomedical context, CaTi(4-x)Zr(x)(PO(4))(6) ceramics may be considered the 'Sleeping Beauty' of osseoconductive coatings for the stem of hip endoprostheses and dental root implants, osteosynthetic fixation devices, and bioelectric devices including bone growth stimulators. FAU - Heimann, Robert B AU - Heimann RB AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4925-914X AD - Am Stadtpark 2A, D-02826 Goerlitz, Germany. robert.heimann@ocean-gate.de. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20190627 PL - Switzerland TA - Materials (Basel) JT - Materials (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101555929 PMC - PMC6651254 OTO - NOTNLM OT - NZP structure OT - NaSiCons OT - cell proliferation OT - in vivo testing OT - ionic conductivity OT - osseoconductive coatings OT - plasma spraying OT - solubility COIS- The author declares no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2019/06/30 06:00 MHDA- 2019/06/30 06:01 PMCR- 2019/06/27 CRDT- 2019/06/30 06:00 PHST- 2019/05/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/06/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2019/06/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/06/30 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2019/06/30 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/06/30 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2019/06/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - ma12132059 [pii] AID - materials-12-02059 [pii] AID - 10.3390/ma12132059 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Materials (Basel). 2019 Jun 27;12(13):2059. doi: 10.3390/ma12132059.