PMID- 31277876
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20191230
LR  - 20191230
IS  - 0072-9752 (Print)
IS  - 0072-9752 (Linking)
VI  - 160
DP  - 2019
TI  - Transcranial magnetic stimulation.
PG  - 559-580
LID - B978-0-444-64032-1.00037-0 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/B978-0-444-64032-1.00037-0 [doi]
AB  - This review presents the neurophysiologic principles and clinical applications of 
      transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and other related techniques of 
      noninvasive cortical stimulation. TMS can serve various purposes for diagnosis or 
      treatment. Regarding diagnosis, TMS is mainly dedicated to the recording of motor 
      evoked potentials (MEPs). MEP recording allows investigation of corticospinal 
      conduction time and cortical motor control in clinical practice. Especially when 
      using image-guided neuronavigation methods, MEP recording is a reliable method to 
      perform functional mapping of muscle representation within the motor cortex. 
      Using various types of paired-pulse paradigms, TMS allows the assessment of brain 
      circuit excitability or plastic changes affecting these circuits. In particular, 
      paired-pulse TMS paradigms are able to appraise the intracortical balance between 
      inhibitory controls mediated by GABAergic neurotransmission and excitatory 
      controls mediated by glutamatergic neurotransmission. Finally, TMS delivered as 
      repetitive trains of stimulation (rTMS) may activate, inhibit, or otherwise 
      interfere with the activity of neuronal cortical networks, depending on stimulus 
      frequency and intensity, and brain-induced electric field configuration. 
      Therefore by modifying brain functions, with after-effects lasting beyond the 
      time of stimulation, rTMS opens exciting perspectives for therapeutic 
      applications, especially in the domain of depression and chronic pain syndromes.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Lefaucheur, Jean-Pascal
AU  - Lefaucheur JP
AD  - Excitabilite Nerveuse et Therapeutique, Faculte de Medecine de Creteil, Creteil, 
      France; Service de Physiologie-Explorations Fonctionnelles, Hopital Henri Mondor, 
      Creteil, France. Electronic address: jean-pascal.lefaucheur@aphp.fr.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Handb Clin Neurol
JT  - Handbook of clinical neurology
JID - 0166161
SB  - IM
MH  - Evoked Potentials, Motor/*physiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Motor Cortex/*physiology/physiopathology
MH  - Nerve Net/*physiology/physiopathology
MH  - Nervous System Diseases/*diagnosis/physiopathology/*therapy
MH  - Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation/*methods
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Cortical excitability
OT  - Cortical mapping
OT  - Cortical plasticity
OT  - Diagnosis
OT  - Motor evoked potentials
OT  - Neuronavigation
OT  - Therapeutic application
OT  - Transcranial direct current stimulation
OT  - Transcranial electrical stimulation
OT  - Transcranial magnetic stimulation
EDAT- 2019/07/07 06:00
MHDA- 2019/12/31 06:00
CRDT- 2019/07/07 06:00
PHST- 2019/07/07 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2019/07/07 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/12/31 06:00 [medline]
AID - B978-0-444-64032-1.00037-0 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/B978-0-444-64032-1.00037-0 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Handb Clin Neurol. 2019;160:559-580. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-64032-1.00037-0.