PMID- 31281325 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20231012 IS - 1664-462X (Print) IS - 1664-462X (Electronic) IS - 1664-462X (Linking) VI - 10 DP - 2019 TI - Arabidopsis NSE4 Proteins Act in Somatic Nuclei and Meiosis to Ensure Plant Viability and Fertility. PG - 774 LID - 10.3389/fpls.2019.00774 [doi] LID - 774 AB - The SMC 5/6 complex together with cohesin and condensin is a member of the structural maintenance of chromosome (SMC) protein family. In non-plant organisms SMC5/6 is engaged in DNA repair, meiotic synapsis, genome organization and stability. In plants, the function of SMC5/6 is still enigmatic. Therefore, we analyzed the crucial delta-kleisin component NSE4 of the SMC5/6 complex in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Two functional conserved Nse4 paralogs (Nse4A and Nse4B) are present in A. thaliana, which may have evolved via gene subfunctionalization. Due to its high expression level, Nse4A seems to be the more essential gene, whereas Nse4B appears to be involved mainly in seed development. The morphological characterization of A. thaliana T-DNA mutants suggests that the NSE4 proteins are essential for plant growth and fertility. Detailed investigations in wild-type and the mutants based on live cell imaging of transgenic GFP lines, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), immunolabeling and super-resolution microscopy suggest that NSE4A acts in several processes during plant development, such as mitosis, meiosis and chromatin organization of differentiated nuclei, and that NSE4A operates in a cell cycle-dependent manner. Differential response of NSE4A and NSE4B mutants after induced DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) suggests their involvement in DNA repair processes. FAU - Zelkowski, Mateusz AU - Zelkowski M AD - Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Gatersleben, Germany. FAU - Zelkowska, Katarzyna AU - Zelkowska K AD - Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Gatersleben, Germany. FAU - Conrad, Udo AU - Conrad U AD - Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Gatersleben, Germany. FAU - Hesse, Susann AU - Hesse S AD - Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Gatersleben, Germany. FAU - Lermontova, Inna AU - Lermontova I AD - Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Gatersleben, Germany. AD - Plant Cytogenomics Research Group, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia. FAU - Marzec, Marek AU - Marzec M AD - Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Gatersleben, Germany. AD - Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland. FAU - Meister, Armin AU - Meister A AD - Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Gatersleben, Germany. FAU - Houben, Andreas AU - Houben A AD - Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Gatersleben, Germany. FAU - Schubert, Veit AU - Schubert V AD - Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Gatersleben, Germany. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20190620 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Plant Sci JT - Frontiers in plant science JID - 101568200 PMC - PMC6596448 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Arabidopsis thaliana OT - NSE4 delta-kleisin OT - SMC5/6 complex OT - meiosis OT - mitosis OT - nucleus OT - phylogeny OT - super-resolution microscopy EDAT- 2019/07/10 06:00 MHDA- 2019/07/10 06:01 PMCR- 2019/01/01 CRDT- 2019/07/09 06:00 PHST- 2019/02/22 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/05/28 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/07/09 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2019/07/10 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/07/10 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2019/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fpls.2019.00774 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Plant Sci. 2019 Jun 20;10:774. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00774. eCollection 2019.