PMID- 31290405
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20200930
IS  - 1929-0748 (Print)
IS  - 1929-0748 (Electronic)
IS  - 1929-0748 (Linking)
VI  - 8
IP  - 7
DP  - 2019 Jul 9
TI  - Text Message Reminders and Unconditional Monetary Incentives to Improve Measles 
      Vaccination in Western Kenya: Study Protocol for the Mobile and Scalable 
      Innovations for Measles Immunization Randomized Controlled Trial.
PG  - e13221
LID - 10.2196/13221 [doi]
LID - e13221
AB  - BACKGROUND: Globally, 21 million children do not receive the measles vaccine each 
      year. With high levels of mobile phone access and ownership, opportunities exist 
      to leverage mobile health technologies to generate demand for immunization. 
      OBJECTIVE: The aim of the Mobile and Scalable Innovations for Measles 
      Immunization trial is to determine if text message (short message service, SMS) 
      reminders, either with or without mobile phone-based incentives, can improve 
      measles immunization coverage and timeliness in rural western Kenya. METHODS: 
      This is a 3-arm, parallel, randomized controlled trial (RCT). Using simple 
      randomization, caregivers in Siaya County, Kenya, will be randomized and evenly 
      allocated to 1 of 3 study arms: (1) control, (2) SMS reminders only, and (3) SMS 
      reminders plus a 150 Kenyan Shilling (KES) incentive. Participants assigned to 
      the SMS group will be sent SMS reminders 3 days before and on the day before the 
      measles immunization visit scheduled for when the child is 9 months of age. 
      Participants in the incentive arm will, in addition to SMS reminders as above, be 
      sent an unconditional 150 KES mobile-money incentive to their mobile phone 3 days 
      before the child becomes 9 months of age. Children will be followed up to the age 
      of 12 months to assess the primary outcome, a measles vaccination by 10 months of 
      age. Log-binomial regressions will be used to calculate relative risks. RESULTS: 
      Enrollment was completed in March 2017. We enrolled 537 caregivers and their 
      infants into the following groups: control (n=179), SMS reminders only (n=179), 
      and SMS reminders plus 150 KES (n=179). Results will be made publicly available 
      in 2020. CONCLUSIONS: Few RCTs have examined the effect of text message reminders 
      to improve measles immunization coverage. This is the first study to assess the 
      effect of SMS reminders with and without unconditionally provided mobile-money 
      incentives to improve measles immunization coverage. TRIAL REGISTRATION: 
      ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02904642; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02904642 
      (Archived by WebCite(R) at http://www.webcitation.org/78r7AzD2X). INTERNATIONAL 
      REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): RR1-10.2196/13221.
CI  - (c)Dustin G Gibson, E Wangeci Kagucia, Joyce Were, David Obor, Kyla Hayford, Benard 
      Ochieng. Originally published in JMIR Research Protocols 
      (http://www.researchprotocols.org), 09.07.2019.
FAU - Gibson, Dustin G
AU  - Gibson DG
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9073-3376
AD  - Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public 
      Health, Baltimore, MD, United States.
FAU - Kagucia, E Wangeci
AU  - Kagucia EW
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4481-8889
AD  - International Vaccine Access Center, Department of International Health, Johns 
      Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States.
FAU - Were, Joyce
AU  - Were J
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3344-7226
AD  - Center for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisian, 
      Kenya.
FAU - Obor, David
AU  - Obor D
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2852-6368
AD  - Center for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisian, 
      Kenya.
FAU - Hayford, Kyla
AU  - Hayford K
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9872-2313
AD  - International Vaccine Access Center, Department of International Health, Johns 
      Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States.
FAU - Ochieng, Benard
AU  - Ochieng B
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8591-5845
AD  - Center for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisian, 
      Kenya.
LA  - eng
SI  - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT02904642
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20190709
PL  - Canada
TA  - JMIR Res Protoc
JT  - JMIR research protocols
JID - 101599504
PMC - PMC6647752
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Kenya
OT  - measles vaccine
OT  - text messaging
OT  - vaccination coverage
COIS- Conflicts of Interest: None declared.
EDAT- 2019/07/11 06:00
MHDA- 2019/07/11 06:01
PMCR- 2019/07/09
CRDT- 2019/07/11 06:00
PHST- 2018/12/27 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/04/28 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/04/11 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2019/07/11 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2019/07/11 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/07/11 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2019/07/09 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - v8i7e13221 [pii]
AID - 10.2196/13221 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - JMIR Res Protoc. 2019 Jul 9;8(7):e13221. doi: 10.2196/13221.