PMID- 31298532
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20191128
LR  - 20191128
IS  - 1520-5851 (Electronic)
IS  - 0013-936X (Linking)
VI  - 53
IP  - 15
DP  - 2019 Aug 6
TI  - Snow Amplification of Persistent Organic Pollutants at Coastal Antarctica.
PG  - 8872-8882
LID - 10.1021/acs.est.9b03006 [doi]
AB  - Many legacy and emerging persistent organic pollutants (POPs) have been reported 
      in polar regions, and act as sentinels of global pollution. Maritime Antarctica 
      is recipient of abundant snow precipitation. Snow scavenges air pollutants, and 
      after snow melting, it can induce an unquantified and poorly understood 
      amplification of concentrations of POPs. Air, snow, the fugacity in soils and 
      snow, seawater and plankton were sampled concurrently from late spring to late 
      summer at Livingston Island (Antarctica). Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and 
      organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) concentrations in snow and air were close to 
      equilibrium. POPs in soils showed concentrations close to soil-air equilibrium or 
      net volatilization depending on chemical volatility. Seawater-air fugacity ratios 
      were highly correlated with the product of the snow-air partition coefficient and 
      the Henry's law constant (K(SA) H'), a measure of snow amplification of fugacity. 
      Therefore, coastal seawater mirrored the PCB congener profile and increased 
      concentrations in snowmelt due to snowpack releasing POPs to seawater. The 
      influence of snowpack and glacier inputs was further evidenced by the correlation 
      between net volatilization fluxes of PCBs and seawater salinity. A meta-analysis 
      of K(SA), estimated as the ratio of POP concentrations in snow and air from 
      previously reported simultaneous field measurements, showed that snow 
      amplification is relevant for diverse families of POPs, independent of their 
      volatility. We claim that the potential impact of atmospheric pollution on 
      aquatic ecosystems has been under-predicted by only considering air-water 
      partitioning, as snow amplification influences, and may even control, the POP 
      occurrence in cold environments.
FAU - Casal, Paulo
AU  - Casal P
AD  - Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC) , Barcelona 
      , Catalonia 08034 , Spain.
FAU - Casas, Gemma
AU  - Casas G
AD  - Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC) , Barcelona 
      , Catalonia 08034 , Spain.
FAU - Vila-Costa, Maria
AU  - Vila-Costa M
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1730-8418
AD  - Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC) , Barcelona 
      , Catalonia 08034 , Spain.
FAU - Cabrerizo, Ana
AU  - Cabrerizo A
AD  - Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC) , Barcelona 
      , Catalonia 08034 , Spain.
FAU - Pizarro, Mariana
AU  - Pizarro M
AD  - Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC) , Barcelona 
      , Catalonia 08034 , Spain.
FAU - Jimenez, Begona
AU  - Jimenez B
AD  - Department of Instrumental Analysis and Environmental Chemistry , Institute of 
      Organic Chemistry (IQOG-CSIC) , Madrid 28006 , Spain.
FAU - Dachs, Jordi
AU  - Dachs J
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4237-169X
AD  - Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC) , Barcelona 
      , Catalonia 08034 , Spain.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Meta-Analysis
DEP - 20190725
PL  - United States
TA  - Environ Sci Technol
JT  - Environmental science & technology
JID - 0213155
RN  - 0 (Air Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Environmental Pollutants)
RN  - DFC2HB4I0K (Polychlorinated Biphenyls)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Air Pollutants
MH  - Antarctic Regions
MH  - Ecosystem
MH  - Environmental Monitoring
MH  - *Environmental Pollutants
MH  - Islands
MH  - *Polychlorinated Biphenyls
MH  - Snow
EDAT- 2019/07/13 06:00
MHDA- 2019/11/30 06:00
CRDT- 2019/07/13 06:00
PHST- 2019/07/13 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/11/30 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/07/13 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1021/acs.est.9b03006 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Sci Technol. 2019 Aug 6;53(15):8872-8882. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.9b03006. 
      Epub 2019 Jul 25.