PMID- 31319292 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20200227 LR - 20200227 IS - 1873-6750 (Electronic) IS - 0160-4120 (Linking) VI - 131 DP - 2019 Oct TI - Exposure of metals and PAH through local foods and risk of cancer in a historically contaminated glassworks area. PG - 104985 LID - S0160-4120(18)33183-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.envint.2019.104985 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Production of crystal glass and colored art glassware have been going on in the south-eastern part of Sweden since the 1700s, at over 100 glassworks and smaller glass blowing facilities, resulting in environmental contamination with mainly arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and polycyclic hydrocarbons (PAH). High levels of metals have been found in soil, and moderately elevated levels in vegetables, mushrooms and berries collected around the glassworks sites compared with reference areas. Food in general, is the major exposure source to metals, such as Cd and Pb, and PAHs. Exposure to these toxic metals and PAH has been associated with a variety of adverse health effects in humans including cancer. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the occurrence of cancer in a cohort from the contaminated glasswork area in relation to long-term dietary intake of locally produced foods, while taking into account residential, occupational and life styles factors. METHODS: The study population was extracted from a population cohort of 34,266 individuals who, at some time between the years 1979-2004, lived within a 2 km radius of a glassworks or glass landfill. Register information on cancer incidence and questionnaire information on consumption of local foods (reflecting 30 years general eating habits), life-time residence in the area, life style factors and occupational exposure was collected. Furthermore, blood (n = 660) and urine (n = 400) samples were collected in a subsample of the population to explore associations between local food consumption frequencies, biomarker concentrations in blood (Cd, Pb, As) and urine (PAH metabolite 1-OHPy) as well as environmental and lifestyle factors. The concurrent exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) from food was also considered. A case-control study was performed for evaluation of associations between intakes of local food and risk of cancer. RESULTS: Despite high environmental levels of Cd, Pb and As at glasswork sites and landfills, current metal exposure in the population living in the surrounding areas was similar or only moderately higher in our study population compared to the general population. Reported high consumption of certain local foods was associated with higher Cd and Pb, but not As, concentrations in blood, and 1-OHPy in urine. An increased risk of cancer was associated with smoking, family history of cancer, obesity, and residence in glasswork area before age 5 years. Also, a long-term high consumption of local foods (reflecting 30 years general eating habits), i.e. fish and meat (game, chicken, lamb), was associated with increased risk of various cancer forms. CONCLUSIONS: The associations between consumption of local food and different types of cancer may reflect a higher contaminant exposure in the past, and thus, if consumption of local food contributes to the risk of acquiring cancer, that contribution is probably lower today than before. Furthermore, it cannot be ruled out that other contaminants in the food contribute to the increased cancer risks observed. CI - Copyright (c) 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Helmfrid, Ingela AU - Helmfrid I AD - Occupational and Environmental Medicine Center, and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden. Electronic address: ingela.helmfrid@regionostergotland.se. FAU - Ljunggren, Stefan AU - Ljunggren S AD - Occupational and Environmental Medicine Center, and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden. FAU - Nosratabadi, Reza AU - Nosratabadi R AD - Occupational and Environmental Medicine Center, and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden. FAU - Augustsson, Anna AU - Augustsson A AD - Department of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden. FAU - Filipsson, Monika AU - Filipsson M AD - Department of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden. FAU - Fredrikson, Mats AU - Fredrikson M AD - Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden. FAU - Karlsson, Helen AU - Karlsson H AD - Occupational and Environmental Medicine Center, and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden. FAU - Berglund, Marika AU - Berglund M AD - Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20190715 PL - Netherlands TA - Environ Int JT - Environment international JID - 7807270 RN - 0 (Industrial Waste) RN - 0 (Metals) RN - 0 (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Aged, 80 and over MH - *Diet MH - Environmental Exposure/*adverse effects MH - Female MH - Glass MH - Humans MH - Incidence MH - Industrial Waste/*adverse effects MH - Male MH - Manufacturing Industry MH - Metals/*adverse effects MH - Middle Aged MH - Neoplasms/chemically induced/*epidemiology MH - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons/*adverse effects MH - Risk Factors MH - Sweden/epidemiology MH - Young Adult OTO - NOTNLM OT - Cancer OT - Consumption of local food OT - Contaminated land OT - Exposure OT - Metals OT - PAH EDAT- 2019/07/19 06:00 MHDA- 2020/02/28 06:00 CRDT- 2019/07/19 06:00 PHST- 2018/12/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/06/20 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2019/06/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/07/19 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/02/28 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2019/07/19 06:00 [entrez] AID - S0160-4120(18)33183-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.envint.2019.104985 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Environ Int. 2019 Oct;131:104985. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.104985. Epub 2019 Jul 15.