PMID- 31326161
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210322
LR  - 20210322
IS  - 1879-1476 (Electronic)
IS  - 0385-8146 (Linking)
VI  - 47
IP  - 2
DP  - 2020 Apr
TI  - Usability of intravenous thiamine injection test compared with odor stick 
      identification test for Japanese patients with severe traumatic brain injury.
PG  - 233-237
LID - S0385-8146(19)30272-X [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.anl.2019.07.004 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVE: Olfactory dysfunction is often observed after severe traumatic brain 
      injury (sTBI). Its diagnosis is difficult because patients with sTBI have a 
      communication disability following impaired consciousness and communication 
      disorder. The intravenous thiamine injection (IT) test is one of the 
      representative diagnostic examinations to identify dysfunction, and it is often 
      used in medical certification for liability insurance of automobiles in Japan 
      because it could be judged by a simple reaction. However, the extent of 
      usefulness of the IT test in the diagnosis of olfactory dysfunction in patients 
      with sTBI is unknown. In this study, we validated the usability of the IT test 
      and compared the results with those of the odor stick identification test for the 
      Japanese (OSIT-J) to evaluate the sensitivity of the IT test in patients with 
      sTBI. METHODS: The study enrolled 205 subjects, including 10 healthy volunteers 
      and 195 patients with sTBI. First, we examined olfactory dysfunction in sTBI 
      patients using OSIT-J. Subsequently, we performed the IT test among patients with 
      olfactory dysfunction. RESULTS: In the first part, 41 subjects, including 10 
      healthy volunteers, were examined by using the OSIT-J test. As a result, 28 
      patients were diagnosed with olfactory dysfunction (90.3%, p<0.0001), including 
      anosmia and parosmia, compared with healthy volunteers. Among the 12 odors, 
      garlic odor was easily recognized for patients with olfactory dysfunction. As a 
      consequence of the IT test for 11 patients with olfactory dysfunction, four 
      patients recognized thiamine odor, and seven patients did not. All four patients 
      could recognize the garlic odor of OSIT-J, but 2 of the seven patients could 
      recognize the garlic odor of OSIT-J, suggesting that the thiamine odor is linked 
      to garlic odor (p=0.046), but not always. The detection rate of olfactory 
      dysfunction through the IT test was 36.4%. CONCLUSION: Our data showed that 
      garlic odor, which is similar to thiamine odor, was easily recognizable for 
      patients with sTBI. However, the IT test might overlook the diagnosis of 
      olfactory dysfunction because it only identifies one odor. In addition, thiamine 
      frequently induces angialgia. We should pay attention to the overconfidence of 
      the IT test for patients with sTBI.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Yamaki, Tomohiro
AU  - Yamaki T
AD  - Division of Neurosurgery, Rehabilitation Center for Traumatic Apallics Chiba, 
      National Agency for Automotive Safety and Victims' Aid, Chiba, Japan; Division of 
      PET imaging, Rehabilitation Center for Traumatic Apallics Chiba, National Agency 
      for Automotive Safety and Victims' Aid, Chiba, Japan. Electronic address: 
      t-yamaki@chiba-ryougo.jp.
FAU - Oka, Nobuo
AU  - Oka N
AD  - Division of Neurosurgery, Rehabilitation Center for Traumatic Apallics Chiba, 
      National Agency for Automotive Safety and Victims' Aid, Chiba, Japan. Electronic 
      address: noka-nsu@umin.net.
FAU - Odaki, Masaru
AU  - Odaki M
AD  - Division of Neurosurgery, Rehabilitation Center for Traumatic Apallics Chiba, 
      National Agency for Automotive Safety and Victims' Aid, Chiba, Japan. Electronic 
      address: odaki-nsu@umin.net.
FAU - Kobayashi, Shigeki
AU  - Kobayashi S
AD  - Division of Neurosurgery, Rehabilitation Center for Traumatic Apallics Chiba, 
      National Agency for Automotive Safety and Victims' Aid, Chiba, Japan. Electronic 
      address: s-kobayashi@chiba-ryougo.jp.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20190717
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Auris Nasus Larynx
JT  - Auris, nasus, larynx
JID - 7708170
RN  - 12001-76-2 (Vitamin B Complex)
RN  - X66NSO3N35 (Thiamine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Brain Injuries, Traumatic/complications/*physiopathology
MH  - Case-Control Studies
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Injections, Intravenous
MH  - Japan
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Olfaction Disorders/*diagnosis/etiology
MH  - *Thiamine
MH  - *Vitamin B Complex
MH  - Young Adult
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Intravenous thiamine injection
OT  - OSIT-J
OT  - Olfactory dysfunction
OT  - Traumatic brain injury
OT  - Traumatic smell dysfunction
EDAT- 2019/07/22 06:00
MHDA- 2021/03/23 06:00
CRDT- 2019/07/22 06:00
PHST- 2019/03/17 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/06/03 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2019/07/03 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/07/22 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/03/23 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/07/22 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0385-8146(19)30272-X [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.anl.2019.07.004 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Auris Nasus Larynx. 2020 Apr;47(2):233-237. doi: 10.1016/j.anl.2019.07.004. Epub 
      2019 Jul 17.