PMID- 31353692 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20200907 LR - 20200907 IS - 1745-4514 (Electronic) IS - 0145-8884 (Linking) VI - 43 IP - 7 DP - 2019 Jul TI - Inhibitory effect of saccharides and phenolic compounds from maize silks on intestinal alpha-glucosidases. PG - e12896 LID - 10.1111/jfbc.12896 [doi] AB - Maize silks have been used in Mexico for centuries as a natural-based treatment for various illnesses, including obesity and diabetes. It has been shown in mice that intake of maize silk extracts reduces the levels of blood glucose. However, it is not clear how or what maize silk compounds are involved in such an effect. A hypothesized mechanism is that some maize silk compounds can inhibit carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes like alpha-glucosidases. This work aimed to assess the capability of both saccharides and phenolic compounds from maize silks to inhibit intestinal alpha-glucosidases. Results showed that saccharides from maize silks did not produce inhibition on intestinal alpha-glucosidases, but phenolics did. Maize silk phenolics increased the value of K(m) significantly and decreased the V(max) slightly, indicating a mixed inhibition of alpha-glucosidases. According to the molecular docking analysis, the phenolics maysin, methoxymaysin, and apimaysin, which had the highest predicted binding energies, could be responsible for the inhibition of alpha-glucosidases. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) reported in 2017 that diabetes affects over 424 million people worldwide, and caused 4 million deaths. Non-insulin-dependent diabetes or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) accounts for approximately 90% of cases. T2DM is characterized by insulin resistance and pancreatic beta-cell failure. Therapy for T2DM includes the use of sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones, biguanides, and alpha-glucosidase inhibitors. Regarding the alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, only few are commercially available, and these have been associated with severe gastrointestinal side effects. This work aimed to assess the capability of both saccharides and phenolic compounds from maize silks to inhibit intestinal alpha-glucosidases. Results from this work evidenced that maize silk polyphenols acted as effective inhibitors of intestinal rat alpha-glucosidases. Computational analysis of maize silk polyphenols indicated that maysin, a particular flavonoid from maize silks, could be responsible for the inhibition of alpha-glucosidases. CI - (c) 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. FAU - Alvarado-Diaz, Carla S AU - Alvarado-Diaz CS AD - Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Departamento de Postgrado, Universidad Autonoma de Chihuahua, Chihuahua, Mexico. FAU - Gutierrez-Mendez, Nestor AU - Gutierrez-Mendez N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0791-3211 AD - Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Departamento de Postgrado, Universidad Autonoma de Chihuahua, Chihuahua, Mexico. FAU - Mendoza-Lopez, Maria L AU - Mendoza-Lopez ML AD - Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Departamento de Postgrado, Universidad Autonoma de Chihuahua, Chihuahua, Mexico. FAU - Rodriguez-Rodriguez, Maylem Z AU - Rodriguez-Rodriguez MZ AD - Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Departamento de Postgrado, Universidad Autonoma de Chihuahua, Chihuahua, Mexico. FAU - Quintero-Ramos, Armando AU - Quintero-Ramos A AD - Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Departamento de Postgrado, Universidad Autonoma de Chihuahua, Chihuahua, Mexico. FAU - Landeros-Martinez, Linda L AU - Landeros-Martinez LL AD - Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Departamento de Postgrado, Universidad Autonoma de Chihuahua, Chihuahua, Mexico. FAU - Rodriguez-Valdez, Luz M AU - Rodriguez-Valdez LM AD - Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Departamento de Postgrado, Universidad Autonoma de Chihuahua, Chihuahua, Mexico. FAU - Rodriguez-Figueroa, Jose C AU - Rodriguez-Figueroa JC AD - Departamento de Ingenieria Quimica y Metalurgia, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo, Mexico. FAU - Perez-Vega, Samuel AU - Perez-Vega S AD - Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Departamento de Postgrado, Universidad Autonoma de Chihuahua, Chihuahua, Mexico. FAU - Salmeron-Ochoa, Ivan AU - Salmeron-Ochoa I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1182-2571 AD - Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Departamento de Postgrado, Universidad Autonoma de Chihuahua, Chihuahua, Mexico. FAU - Leal-Ramos, Martha Y AU - Leal-Ramos MY AD - Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Departamento de Postgrado, Universidad Autonoma de Chihuahua, Chihuahua, Mexico. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20190515 PL - United States TA - J Food Biochem JT - Journal of food biochemistry JID - 7706045 RN - 0 (Blood Glucose) RN - 0 (Flavonoids) RN - 0 (Glucosides) RN - 0 (Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors) RN - 0 (Hypoglycemic Agents) RN - 0 (Phenols) RN - 0 (Plant Extracts) RN - 0 (Polyphenols) RN - 01O8RT377Y (maysin) RN - 74158-04-6 (apimaysin) RN - EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-Glucosidases) SB - IM MH - Blood Glucose/drug effects MH - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*drug therapy MH - Flavonoids/chemistry/pharmacology MH - Flowers/*chemistry MH - Glucosides/chemistry/pharmacology MH - Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors/chemistry/*pharmacology MH - Hypoglycemic Agents/chemistry/*pharmacology MH - Intestines/enzymology MH - Kinetics MH - Molecular Docking Simulation MH - Phenols/chemistry/*pharmacology MH - Plant Extracts/chemistry/isolation & purification/pharmacology MH - Polyphenols/chemistry/pharmacology MH - Zea mays/*chemistry MH - alpha-Glucosidases/*metabolism OTO - NOTNLM OT - alpha-glucosidases OT - carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes OT - maize silks OT - maysin OT - molecular docking EDAT- 2019/07/30 06:00 MHDA- 2020/09/08 06:00 CRDT- 2019/07/30 06:00 PHST- 2019/01/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/04/24 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2019/04/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/07/30 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2019/07/30 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/09/08 06:00 [medline] AID - 10.1111/jfbc.12896 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Food Biochem. 2019 Jul;43(7):e12896. doi: 10.1111/jfbc.12896. Epub 2019 May 15.