PMID- 31366025
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200102
LR  - 20200225
IS  - 1420-3049 (Electronic)
IS  - 1420-3049 (Linking)
VI  - 24
IP  - 15
DP  - 2019 Jul 30
TI  - Matrix-Induced Sugaring-Out: A Simple and Rapid Sample Preparation Method for the 
      Determination of Neonicotinoid Pesticides in Honey.
LID - 10.3390/molecules24152761 [doi]
LID - 2761
AB  - In the present work, we developed a simple and rapid sample preparation method 
      for the determination of neonicotinoid pesticides in honey based on the 
      matrix-induced sugaring-out. Since there is a high concentration of sugars in the 
      honey matrix, the honey samples were mixed directly with acetonitrile (ACN)-water 
      mixture to trigger the phase separation. Analytes were extracted into the upper 
      ACN phase without additional phase separation agents and injected into the HPLC 
      system for the analysis. Parameters of this matrix-induced sugaring-out method 
      were systematically investigated. The optimal protocol involves 2 g honey mixed 
      with 4 mL ACN-water mixture (v/v, 60:40). In addition, this simple sample 
      preparation method was compared with two other ACN-water-based homogenous 
      liquid-liquid extraction methods, including salting-out assisted liquid-liquid 
      extraction and subzero-temperature assisted liquid-liquid extraction. The present 
      method was fully validated, the obtained limits of detection (LODs) and limits of 
      quantification (LOQs) were from 21 to 27 and 70 to 90 mug/kg, respectively. 
      Average recoveries at three spiked levels were in the range of 91.49% to 97.73%. 
      Precision expressed as relative standard deviations (RSDs) in the inter-day and 
      intra-day analysis were all lower than 5%. Finally, the developed method was 
      applied for the analysis of eight honey samples, results showed that none of the 
      target neonicotinoid residues were detected.
FAU - Chen, Wenbin
AU  - Chen W
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3535-9649
AD  - College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 
      350002, China. wbchen@fafu.edu.cn.
FAU - Wu, Siyuan
AU  - Wu S
AD  - College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 
      350002, China.
FAU - Zhang, Jianing
AU  - Zhang J
AD  - College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 
      350002, China.
FAU - Yu, Fengjie
AU  - Yu F
AD  - College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 
      350002, China.
FAU - Hou, Jianbo
AU  - Hou J
AD  - Zhejiang Academy of Science and Technology for Inspection and Quarantine, 
      Hangzhou 310016, China.
FAU - Miao, Xiaoqing
AU  - Miao X
AD  - College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 
      350002, China.
AD  - College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 
      350002, China.
FAU - Tu, Xijuan
AU  - Tu X
AD  - College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 
      350002, China. xjtu@fafu.edu.cn.
LA  - eng
GR  - 2019J01409/Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province/
GR  - 31201861/National Natural Science Foundation of China/
GR  - 51202030/National Natural Science Foundation of China/
GR  - 2016IK280/General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and 
      Quarantine of the People's Republic of China/
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Validation Study
DEP - 20190730
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Molecules
JT  - Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
JID - 100964009
RN  - 0 (Acetonitriles)
RN  - 0 (Insecticides)
RN  - 0 (Neonicotinoids)
RN  - 0 (Solvents)
RN  - 059QF0KO0R (Water)
RN  - Z072SB282N (acetonitrile)
SB  - IM
MH  - Acetonitriles/chemistry
MH  - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/*methods/standards
MH  - Food Analysis
MH  - Food Contamination
MH  - Honey/*analysis
MH  - Humans
MH  - Insecticides/*isolation & purification
MH  - Limit of Detection
MH  - Liquid-Liquid Extraction/*methods
MH  - Neonicotinoids/*isolation & purification
MH  - Observer Variation
MH  - Reproducibility of Results
MH  - Solvents/chemistry
MH  - Water/chemistry
PMC - PMC6695813
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - HPLC
OT  - honey
OT  - liquid-liquid extraction
OT  - neonicotinoid
OT  - sample preparation
OT  - sugaring-out
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2019/08/02 06:00
MHDA- 2020/01/03 06:00
PMCR- 2019/07/30
CRDT- 2019/08/02 06:00
PHST- 2019/07/06 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/07/28 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2019/07/29 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/08/02 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2019/08/02 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/01/03 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/07/30 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - molecules24152761 [pii]
AID - molecules-24-02761 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/molecules24152761 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Molecules. 2019 Jul 30;24(15):2761. doi: 10.3390/molecules24152761.