PMID- 31373314
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20191206
LR  - 20200225
IS  - 2072-6643 (Electronic)
IS  - 2072-6643 (Linking)
VI  - 11
IP  - 7
DP  - 2019 Jul 11
TI  - Nutrition, Hygiene and Stimulation Education for Impoverished Mothers in Rural 
      Uganda: Effect on Maternal Depression Symptoms and Their Associations to Child 
      Development Outcomes.
LID - 10.3390/nu11071561 [doi]
LID - 1561
AB  - Optimal nutrition improves child development, and impaired development is 
      associated with maternal depression symptoms, in particular in low resource 
      settings. In this follow-up of an open cluster-randomized education trial, we 
      examined its effects among mothers in rural Uganda on their depression symptoms 
      and the association of these symptoms to child development. The education 
      comprised complementary feeding, stimulation, and hygiene. We assessed 77 
      intervention mothers and 78 controls using Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) 
      and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) scores. Child 
      development was assessed with Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development-III 
      (BSID-III) composite scores for cognitive, language and motor development. 
      Compared to controls, the intervention reduced depression symptoms' scores with 
      mean (95% CI) differences: -8.26 (-11.49 to -1.13, p = 0.0001) and -6.54; (-8.69 
      to -2.99, p = 0.004) for BDI II at 20-24 and 36 months, respectively. Similar 
      results were obtained with CES-D. There was a negative association of BDI-II 
      scores and BSID-III cognitive and language scores at 20-24 (p = 0.01 and 0.008, 
      respectively) and 36 months (p = 0.017 and 0.001, respectively). CES-D 
      associations with BSID-III cognitive and language scores showed similar trends. 
      BSID-III motor scores were associated with depression scores at 36 months for 
      both BDI-II and CES-D (p = 0.043 and 0.028, respectively). In conclusion, the 
      group education was associated with reduced maternal depression scores. Moreover, 
      the depression scores were inversely associated with child cognitive and language 
      development outcomes.
FAU - Atukunda, Prudence
AU  - Atukunda P
AD  - Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, 
      0372 Oslo, Norway. prudence.atukunda@studmed.uio.no.
FAU - Muhoozi, Grace K M
AU  - Muhoozi GKM
AD  - Department of Human Nutrition and Home Economics, Kyambogo University, P.O. Box 
      1, 256 Kyambogo, Uganda.
FAU - Westerberg, Ane C
AU  - Westerberg AC
AD  - Institute of Health Sciences, Kristiania University College, Kirkegata 24 Oslo, 
      Norway.
FAU - Iversen, Per O
AU  - Iversen PO
AD  - Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, 
      0372 Oslo, Norway.
AD  - Department of Hematology, Oslo University Hospital, 0372 Oslo, Norway.
AD  - Division of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, 
      Stellenbosch University, 7505 Tygerberg, South Africa.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Randomized Controlled Trial
DEP - 20190711
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Nutrients
JT  - Nutrients
JID - 101521595
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Attitude to Health
MH  - *Child Development
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Depression/epidemiology/*psychology
MH  - Female
MH  - Follow-Up Studies
MH  - Health Education/methods
MH  - Health Surveys
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hygiene/education
MH  - Infant
MH  - Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
MH  - Male
MH  - Mother-Child Relations/*psychology
MH  - Mothers/*education/*psychology
MH  - Poverty
MH  - Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
MH  - Rural Population
MH  - Uganda/epidemiology
MH  - Young Adult
PMC - PMC6683265
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - children
OT  - complementary feeding
OT  - developmental outcomes
OT  - group dynamics theory
OT  - maternal depression
OT  - nutrition education
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the 
      design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in 
      the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.
EDAT- 2019/08/03 06:00
MHDA- 2019/12/18 06:00
PMCR- 2019/07/01
CRDT- 2019/08/03 06:00
PHST- 2019/05/09 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/07/05 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2019/07/09 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/08/03 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2019/08/03 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/12/18 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/07/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - nu11071561 [pii]
AID - nutrients-11-01561 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/nu11071561 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Nutrients. 2019 Jul 11;11(7):1561. doi: 10.3390/nu11071561.