PMID- 31376814
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20201030
LR  - 20201030
IS  - 1741-7899 (Electronic)
IS  - 1470-1626 (Linking)
VI  - 159
IP  - 1
DP  - 2020 Jan
TI  - Advances in human primordial follicle activation and premature ovarian 
      insufficiency.
PG  - R15-R29
LID - REP-19-0201 [pii]
LID - 10.1530/REP-19-0201 [doi]
AB  - In women, the non-growing population of follicles that comprise the ovarian 
      reserve is determined at birth and serves as the reservoir for future fertility. 
      This reserve of dormant, primordial follicles and the mechanisms controlling 
      their selective activation which constitute the committing step into 
      folliculogenesis are essential for determining fertility outcomes in women. Much 
      of the available data on the mechanisms responsible for primordial follicle 
      activation focuses on a selection of key molecular pathways, studied primarily in 
      animal models, with findings often not synonymous in humans. The excessive 
      induction of primordial follicle activation may cause the development of 
      premature ovarian insufficiency (POI), a condition characterised by menopause 
      before age 40 years. POI affects 1-2% of all women and is accompanied by 
      additional health risks. Therefore, it is critical to further our understanding 
      of primordial follicle activation in order to diagnose, treat and prevent 
      premature infertility. Research in primordial follicle activation has focused on 
      connecting new molecules to already established key signalling pathways, such as 
      phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase (PI3K) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). 
      Additionally, other aspects of the ovarian environment, such as the function of 
      the extracellular matrix, in contributing to primordial follicle activation have 
      gained traction. Clinical applications are examining replication of this 
      extracellular environment through the construction of biological matrices 
      mimicking the 3D ovary, to support follicular growth through to ovulation. This 
      review outlines the importance of the events leading to the establishment of the 
      ovarian reserve and highlights the fundamental factors known to influence 
      primordial follicle activation in humans presenting new horizons for female 
      infertility treatment.
FAU - Ford, Emmalee A
AU  - Ford EA
AD  - Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Schools of Biomedical Science 
      & Pharmacy and Environmental & Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, 
      New South Wales, Australia.
AD  - Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, 
      Australia.
FAU - Beckett, Emma L
AU  - Beckett EL
AD  - Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, 
      Australia.
AD  - School of Environmental & Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of 
      Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.
FAU - Roman, Shaun D
AU  - Roman SD
AD  - Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Schools of Biomedical Science 
      & Pharmacy and Environmental & Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, 
      New South Wales, Australia.
AD  - Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, 
      Australia.
AD  - Priority Research Centre for Drug Development, University of Newcastle, 
      Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.
FAU - McLaughlin, Eileen A
AU  - McLaughlin EA
AD  - Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Schools of Biomedical Science 
      & Pharmacy and Environmental & Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, 
      New South Wales, Australia.
AD  - School of Science, Faculty of Science & Technology, University of Canberra, 
      Bruce, Australian Capital Territory, Australia.
AD  - School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, 
      Auckland, New Zealand.
FAU - Sutherland, Jessie M
AU  - Sutherland JM
AD  - Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Schools of Biomedical Science 
      & Pharmacy and Environmental & Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, 
      New South Wales, Australia.
AD  - Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, 
      Australia.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - England
TA  - Reproduction
JT  - Reproduction (Cambridge, England)
JID - 100966036
SB  - IM
MH  - Female
MH  - Fertility Preservation
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infertility, Female/*prevention & control
MH  - Oocytes/cytology/*physiology
MH  - Ovarian Follicle/cytology/*physiology
MH  - Primary Ovarian Insufficiency/*therapy
EDAT- 2019/08/04 06:00
MHDA- 2020/10/31 06:00
CRDT- 2019/08/04 06:00
PHST- 2019/05/06 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/08/01 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/08/04 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/10/31 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/08/04 06:00 [entrez]
AID - REP-19-0201 [pii]
AID - 10.1530/REP-19-0201 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Reproduction. 2020 Jan;159(1):R15-R29. doi: 10.1530/REP-19-0201.