PMID- 31387240
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20231013
IS  - 2077-0375 (Print)
IS  - 2077-0375 (Electronic)
IS  - 2077-0375 (Linking)
VI  - 9
IP  - 8
DP  - 2019 Aug 5
TI  - Antifouling Properties of Silver-Zinc Oxide Polyamide Thin Film Composite 
      Membrane and Rejection of 2-Chlorophenol and 2,4-Dichlorophenol.
LID - 10.3390/membranes9080096 [doi]
LID - 96
AB  - The silver-zinc oxide (Ag-ZnO) polyamide thin film composite (PA-TFC) membrane 
      was prepared by interfacial polymerization. The Ag-ZnO/PA-TFC membrane was 
      characterized by attenuated total reflectance fourier-transform infrared 
      spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) for polyamide functional groups and contact angle for 
      surface hydrophilicity. The Ag-ZnO/PA-TFC membrane was further characterized by 
      Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) for 
      morphology and surface roughness, respectively. The performance of the fabricated 
      membrane was investigated using pure water flux, permeability, rejection, flux 
      recovery, and fouling resistance using low molecular weight organic pollutants, 
      2-chlorophenol (2-CP) and 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP). The results were compared 
      to the neat (PA-TFC) membrane. It was observed that incorporation of Ag-ZnO 
      nanocomposites into the PA-TFC membrane improved hydrophilicity, permeation, 
      rejection, and fouling resistance properties of the membrane. The contact angle 
      decreased from 62.8 degrees  to 54 degrees  for PA-TFC and the Ag-ZnO/PA-TFC membrane, 
      respectively. The presence of Ag-ZnO enhanced permeability of the membrane from 
      0.9 (Lm(-2)h(-1)bar(-1)) to 1.9 (Lm(-2)h(-1)bar(-1)). Modification of the 
      membrane with Ag-ZnO further showed an enhanced rejection of 2-CP and 2,4-DCP 
      from 43% to 80% and 58% to 85%, respectively. The 2,4-DCP molecules were rejected 
      more than 2-CP due to enhanced repulsive forces from the extra Cl ion. A high 
      flux recovery of about 95% was achieved for the modified membrane compared to 64% 
      for the neat membrane. The improved flux recovery was an indication of enhanced 
      antifouling propensity.
FAU - Kotlhao, Kate
AU  - Kotlhao K
AD  - Faculty of Applied and Computer Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Vaal 
      University of Technology, Private Bag X021, Vanderbijlpark 1900, South Africa.
FAU - Lawal, Isiaka A
AU  - Lawal IA
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7221-5316
AD  - Faculty of Applied and Computer Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Vaal 
      University of Technology, Private Bag X021, Vanderbijlpark 1900, South Africa.
FAU - Moutloali, Richard M
AU  - Moutloali RM
AD  - Faculty of Science, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, 
      P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa.
FAU - Klink, Michael J
AU  - Klink MJ
AD  - Faculty of Applied and Computer Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Vaal 
      University of Technology, Private Bag X021, Vanderbijlpark 1900, South Africa. 
      michaelk1@vut.ac.za.
AD  - Faculty of Applied and Computer Sciences, Department of Biotechnology. Vaal 
      University of Technology, Private Bag X021, Vanderbijlpark 1900, South Africa. 
      michaelk1@vut.ac.za.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20190805
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Membranes (Basel)
JT  - Membranes
JID - 101577807
PMC - PMC6723071
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Ag-ZnO/PA-TFC membrane
OT  - PES
OT  - hydrophilicity
OT  - interfacial polymerization
COIS- The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest in this paper.
EDAT- 2019/08/08 06:00
MHDA- 2019/08/08 06:01
PMCR- 2019/08/01
CRDT- 2019/08/08 06:00
PHST- 2019/05/09 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/07/09 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2019/07/12 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/08/08 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2019/08/08 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/08/08 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2019/08/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - membranes9080096 [pii]
AID - membranes-09-00096 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/membranes9080096 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Membranes (Basel). 2019 Aug 5;9(8):96. doi: 10.3390/membranes9080096.