PMID- 31403838
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200814
LR  - 20210504
IS  - 1945-7103 (Electronic)
IS  - 0003-3219 (Print)
IS  - 0003-3219 (Linking)
VI  - 90
IP  - 1
DP  - 2020 Jan
TI  - Reliability of lateral cephalometric radiographs in the assessment of the upper 
      airway in children: A retrospective study.
PG  - 47-55
LID - 10.2319/022119-131.1 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVES: To test the reliability of Lateral cephalometric radiographs (LCRs) 
      for use in the assessment of the upper airway, hyoid bone, soft palate, and 
      tongue. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The records of 57 healthy Chinese children from a 
      nonhospital population (mean age = 12.6 years, SD = 0.5, 28 males and 29 females) 
      who received two consecutive LCRs in the natural head posture were 
      retrospectively analyzed. Fifteen linear, angular, and area measurements were 
      used to describe the airway, hyoid bone, soft palate, and tongue. The reliability 
      between the two LCRs was assessed with the intraclass correlation coefficient 
      (ICC) and F-test. Errors were estimated with the Dahlberg and Bland-Altman 
      method, and intra- and inter-assessor agreements were determined. RESULTS: 
      Measurements of upper airway and hyoid bone had excellent method reliability, 
      intra-assessor reliability, and inter-assessor reliability (ICC > 0.8). However, 
      the method reliability and the inter-assessor reliability for soft palate and 
      tongue was less favorable (ICC from 0.60 to 0.96). Soft palate area and thickness 
      were the most critical parameters. Intra-assessor reliability was greater than 
      both method reliability and inter-assessor reliability (which were similar). 
      CONCLUSIONS: The measurement of upper airway morphology, defined as the 
      intramural space, and of the hyoid bone position were highly reliable on LCRs of 
      children. However, the limited reliability in the assessment of tongue and soft 
      palate area may compromise the diagnostic application of LCRs to these 
      structures.
FAU - Savoldi, Fabio
AU  - Savoldi F
FAU - Xinyue, Gou
AU  - Xinyue G
FAU - McGrath, Colman P
AU  - McGrath CP
FAU - Yang, Yanqi
AU  - Yang Y
FAU - Chow, Shiu Cheuk
AU  - Chow SC
FAU - Tsoi, James K H
AU  - Tsoi JKH
FAU - Gu, Min
AU  - Gu M
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20190812
PL  - United States
TA  - Angle Orthod
JT  - The Angle orthodontist
JID - 0370550
SB  - IM
MH  - *Cephalometry
MH  - Child
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hyoid Bone
MH  - Male
MH  - *Palate, Soft/anatomy & histology/diagnostic imaging
MH  - *Pharynx/anatomy & histology/diagnostic imaging
MH  - Reproducibility of Results
MH  - Retrospective Studies
MH  - Tongue
PMC - PMC8087055
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Cephalogram
OT  - Hyoid bone
OT  - Obstructive sleep apnea
OT  - Sleep-disordered breathing
OT  - Tongue
EDAT- 2019/08/14 06:00
MHDA- 2020/08/15 06:00
PMCR- 2020/01/01
CRDT- 2019/08/13 06:00
PHST- 2019/08/14 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/08/15 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/08/13 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - Customer: 022119-131R [pii]
AID - 10.2319/022119-131.1 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Angle Orthod. 2020 Jan;90(1):47-55. doi: 10.2319/022119-131.1. Epub 2019 Aug 12.