PMID- 31493628 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20191127 LR - 20191127 IS - 1873-6424 (Electronic) IS - 0269-7491 (Linking) VI - 254 IP - Pt B DP - 2019 Nov TI - Short-term associations between daily mortality and ambient particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide, and the air quality index in a Middle Eastern megacity. PG - 113121 LID - S0269-7491(19)31112-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113121 [doi] AB - There is limited evidence for short-term association between mortality and ambient air pollution in the Middle East and no study has evaluated exposure windows of about a month prior to death. We investigated all-cause non-accidental daily mortality and its association with fine particulate matter (PM(2.5)), nitrogen dioxide (NO(2)), and the Air Quality Index (AQI) from March 2011 through March 2014 in the megacity of Tehran, Iran. Generalized additive quasi-Poisson models were used within a distributed lag linear modeling framework to estimate the cumulative effects of PM(2.5), NO(2), and the AQI up to a lag of 45 days. We further conducted multi-pollutant models and also stratified the analyses by sex, age group, and season. The relative risk (95% confidence interval (CI)) for all seasons, both sexes and all ages at lag 0 for PM(2.5), NO(2), and AQI were 1.004 (1.001, 1.007), 1.003 (0.999, 1.007), and 1.004 (1.001, 1.007), respectively, per inter-quartile range (IQR) increment (18.8 mug/m(3) for PM(2.5), 12.6 ppb for NO(2), and 31.5 for AQI). In multi-pollutant models, the PM(2.5) associations were almost independent from NO(2). However, the RRs for NO(2) were slightly attenuated after adjustment for PM(2.5) but they were still largely independent from PM(2.5). The cumulative relative risks (95% CI) per IQR increment reached maximum during the cooler months, including: 1.13 (1.06, 1.20) for PM(2.5) at lag 0-31 (for females, all ages); 1.17 (1.10, 1.25) for NO(2) at lag 0-45 (for males, all ages); and 1.13 (1.07, 1.20) for the AQI at lag 0-30 (for females, all ages). Generally, the RRs were slightly larger for NO(2) than PM(2.5) and AQI. We found somewhat larger RRs in females, age group >65 years of age, and in cooler months. In summary, positive associations were found in most models. This is the first study to report short-term associations between all-cause non-accidental mortality and ambient PM(2.5) and NO(2) in Iran. CI - Copyright (c) 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Amini, Heresh AU - Amini H AD - Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland. Electronic address: heresh@hsph.harvard.edu. FAU - Trang Nhung, Nguyen Thi AU - Trang Nhung NT AD - Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Hanoi University of Public Health, Hanoi, Viet Nam. FAU - Schindler, Christian AU - Schindler C AD - Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland. FAU - Yunesian, Masud AU - Yunesian M AD - Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Hosseini, Vahid AU - Hosseini V AD - Mechanical Engineering Department, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Shamsipour, Mansour AU - Shamsipour M AD - Department of Research Methodology and Data Analysis, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Hassanvand, Mohammad Sadegh AU - Hassanvand MS AD - Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Mohammadi, Younes AU - Mohammadi Y AD - Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Science, Hamadan, Iran; Modelling of Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Science, Hamadan, Iran. FAU - Farzadfar, Farshad AU - Farzadfar F AD - Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Vicedo-Cabrera, Ana M AU - Vicedo-Cabrera AM AD - Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Public Health, Environments and Society, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK. FAU - Schwartz, Joel AU - Schwartz J AD - Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States. FAU - Henderson, Sarah B AU - Henderson SB AD - Environmental Health Services, British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, Canada; School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. FAU - Kunzli, Nino AU - Kunzli N AD - Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20190828 PL - England TA - Environ Pollut JT - Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) JID - 8804476 RN - 0 (Air Pollutants) RN - 0 (Particulate Matter) RN - S7G510RUBH (Nitrogen Dioxide) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adult MH - Aged MH - Air Pollutants/analysis/*toxicity MH - *Air Pollution MH - Environmental Exposure MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Iran MH - Linear Models MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - *Mortality MH - Nitrogen Dioxide/analysis/*toxicity MH - Particulate Matter/analysis/*toxicity MH - Risk Assessment MH - Young Adult OTO - NOTNLM OT - Air pollution OT - Air quality index (AQI) OT - Independent effect OT - Mortality OT - Nitrogen dioxide (NO(2)) OT - Particulate matter (PM(2.5)) OT - Short-term EDAT- 2019/09/08 06:00 MHDA- 2019/11/28 06:00 CRDT- 2019/09/08 06:00 PHST- 2019/02/28 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/08/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2019/08/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/09/08 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/11/28 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2019/09/08 06:00 [entrez] AID - S0269-7491(19)31112-1 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113121 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Environ Pollut. 2019 Nov;254(Pt B):113121. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113121. Epub 2019 Aug 28.