PMID- 31496992 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20200225 IS - 1664-2392 (Print) IS - 1664-2392 (Electronic) IS - 1664-2392 (Linking) VI - 10 DP - 2019 TI - Time-Restricted Feeding Improves Glucose Tolerance in Rats, but Only When in Line With the Circadian Timing System. PG - 554 LID - 10.3389/fendo.2019.00554 [doi] LID - 554 AB - Epidemiological studies indicate that shift-workers have an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity both are dependent on the circadian timing system (i.e., the time-of-day) and fasting duration, in rodents as well as humans. Therefore, question is whether manipulation of the circadian timing system, for example by changing the timing of feeding and fasting, is a potential preventive treatment for T2DM. Time-restricted feeding (TRF) is well-known to have profound effects on various metabolic measures, including glucose metabolism. However, experiments that directly measure the effects of TRF on glucose tolerance and/or insulin sensitivity at different time points throughout the 24 h cycle are lacking. Here we show, in rats, that TRF in line with the circadian timing system (i.e., feeding during the active phase) improves glucose tolerance during intravenous glucose tolerance tests (ivGTT) in the active phase, as lower insulin levels were observed with similar levels of glucose clearance. However, this was not the case during the inactive phase in which more insulin was released but only a slightly faster glucose clearance was observed. Contrasting, TRF out of sync with the circadian timing system (i.e., feeding during the inactive phase) worsened glucose tolerance, although only marginally, likely because of adaptation to the 4 week TRF regimen. Our results show that TRF can improve glucose metabolism, but strict adherence to the time-restricted feeding period is necessary, as outside the regular eating hours glucose tolerance is worsened. FAU - de Goede, Paul AU - de Goede P AD - Laboratory of Endocrinology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. AD - Hypothalamic Integration Mechanisms Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN), An Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands. FAU - Foppen, Ewout AU - Foppen E AD - Laboratory of Endocrinology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. AD - Hypothalamic Integration Mechanisms Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN), An Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands. FAU - Ritsema, Wayne I G R AU - Ritsema WIGR AD - Laboratory of Endocrinology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. AD - Hypothalamic Integration Mechanisms Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN), An Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands. FAU - Korpel, Nikita L AU - Korpel NL AD - Laboratory of Endocrinology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. AD - Hypothalamic Integration Mechanisms Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN), An Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands. FAU - Yi, Chun-Xia AU - Yi CX AD - Laboratory of Endocrinology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. AD - Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. FAU - Kalsbeek, Andries AU - Kalsbeek A AD - Laboratory of Endocrinology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. AD - Hypothalamic Integration Mechanisms Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience (NIN), An Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands. AD - Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20190821 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) JT - Frontiers in endocrinology JID - 101555782 PMC - PMC6712481 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) OT - feeding behavior OT - insulin sensitivity OT - intravenous glucose tolerance test (ivGTT) OT - metabolism OT - shift-work EDAT- 2019/09/10 06:00 MHDA- 2019/09/10 06:01 PMCR- 2019/01/01 CRDT- 2019/09/10 06:00 PHST- 2019/05/17 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/07/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/09/10 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2019/09/10 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2019/09/10 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2019/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fendo.2019.00554 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2019 Aug 21;10:554. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00554. eCollection 2019.