PMID- 31501865
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200821
LR  - 20201201
IS  - 1096-0929 (Electronic)
IS  - 1096-6080 (Print)
IS  - 1096-0929 (Linking)
VI  - 172
IP  - 2
DP  - 2019 Dec 1
TI  - Gestational Exposure to Bisphenol A and Bisphenol S Leads to Fetal Skeletal 
      Muscle Hypertrophy Independent of Sex.
PG  - 292-302
LID - 10.1093/toxsci/kfz198 [doi]
AB  - Gestational exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) can lead to offspring insulin 
      resistance. However, despite the role that the skeletal muscle plays in glucose 
      homeostasis, it remains unknown whether gestational exposure to BPA, or its 
      analog bisphenol S (BPS), impairs skeletal muscle development. We hypothesized 
      that gestational exposure to BPA or BPS will impair fetal muscle development and 
      lead to muscle-specific insulin resistance. To test this, pregnant sheep 
      (n = 7-8/group) were exposed to BPA or BPS from gestational day (GD) 30 to 100. 
      At GD120, fetal skeletal muscle was harvested to evaluate fiber size, fiber type, 
      and gene and protein expression related to myogenesis, fiber size, fiber type, 
      and inflammation. Fetal primary myoblasts were isolated to evaluate proliferation 
      and differentiation. In fetal skeletal muscle, myofibers were larger in BPA and 
      BPS groups in both females and males. BPA females had higher MYH1 (reflective of 
      type-IIX fast glycolytic fibers), whereas BPS females had higher MYH2 and MYH7, 
      and higher myogenic regulatory factors (Myf5, MyoG, MyoD, and MRF4) mRNA 
      expression. No differences were observed in males. Myoblast proliferation was not 
      altered in gestationally BPA- or BPS-exposed myoblasts, but upon differentiation, 
      area and diameter of myotubes were larger independent of sex. Females had larger 
      myofibers and myotubes than males in all treatment groups. In conclusion, 
      gestational exposure to BPA or BPS does not result in insulin resistance in fetal 
      myoblasts but leads to fetal fiber hypertrophy in skeletal muscle independent of 
      sex and alters fiber type distribution in a sex-specific manner.
CI  - (c) The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the 
      Society of Toxicology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: 
      journals.permissions@oup.com.
FAU - Jing, Jiongjie
AU  - Jing J
AD  - Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 
      48824.
FAU - Pu, Yong
AU  - Pu Y
AD  - Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 
      48824.
FAU - Gingrich, Jeremy
AU  - Gingrich J
AD  - Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 
      48824.
AD  - Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East 
      Lansing, Michigan 48824.
FAU - Veiga-Lopez, Almudena
AU  - Veiga-Lopez A
AD  - Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 
      48824.
LA  - eng
GR  - K22 ES026208/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 ES027863/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
PL  - United States
TA  - Toxicol Sci
JT  - Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology
JID - 9805461
RN  - 0 (Benzhydryl Compounds)
RN  - 0 (Endocrine Disruptors)
RN  - 0 (Phenols)
RN  - 0 (Sulfones)
RN  - 80-09-1 (bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)sulfone)
RN  - MLT3645I99 (bisphenol A)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Benzhydryl Compounds/blood/*toxicity
MH  - Cell Differentiation/drug effects
MH  - Cell Proliferation/drug effects
MH  - Cells, Cultured
MH  - Endocrine Disruptors/blood/*toxicity
MH  - Female
MH  - Fetal Development/*drug effects
MH  - Gestational Age
MH  - Hypertrophy
MH  - Muscle Cells/drug effects/pathology
MH  - Muscle Development/*drug effects
MH  - Muscle, Skeletal/*drug effects/embryology/pathology
MH  - Myoblasts/drug effects/pathology
MH  - Phenols/blood/*toxicity
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/*chemically induced/pathology
MH  - Primary Cell Culture
MH  - Sheep
MH  - Sulfones/blood/*toxicity
PMC - PMC6876539
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - bisphenols
OT  - fetal
OT  - myogenesis
OT  - skeletal muscle
EDAT- 2019/09/11 06:00
MHDA- 2020/08/22 06:00
PMCR- 2020/12/01
CRDT- 2019/09/11 06:00
PHST- 2019/09/11 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/08/22 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/09/11 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/12/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 5566505 [pii]
AID - kfz198 [pii]
AID - 10.1093/toxsci/kfz198 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Toxicol Sci. 2019 Dec 1;172(2):292-302. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfz198.