PMID- 31509704
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20191128
LR  - 20191128
IS  - 1520-5851 (Electronic)
IS  - 0013-936X (Linking)
VI  - 53
IP  - 19
DP  - 2019 Oct 1
TI  - Effects of Microplastics in Soil Ecosystems: Above and Below Ground.
PG  - 11496-11506
LID - 10.1021/acs.est.9b03304 [doi]
AB  - Environmental contamination by microplastics is now considered an emerging threat 
      to biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Soil ecosystems, particularly 
      agricultural land, have been recognized as a major sink of microplastics, but the 
      impacts of microplastics on soil ecosystems (e.g., above and below ground) remain 
      largely unknown. In this study, different types of microplastics [biodegradable 
      polylactic acid (PLA)], conventional high-density polyethylene (HDPE), and 
      microplastic clothing fibers were added to soil containing the endogeic 
      Aporrectodea rosea (rosy-tipped earthworm) and planted with Lolium perenne 
      (perennial ryegrass) to assess the biophysical soil response in a mesocosm 
      experiment. When exposed to fibers or PLA microplastics, fewer seeds germinated. 
      There was also a reduction in shoot height with PLA. The biomass of A. rosea 
      exposed to HDPE was significantly reduced compared to control samples. 
      Furthermore, with HDPE present there was a decrease in soil pH. The size 
      distribution of water-stable soil aggregates was altered when microplastics were 
      present, suggesting potential alterations of soil stability. This study provides 
      evidence that microplastics manufactured of HDPE and PLA, and synthetic fibers 
      can affect the development of L. perenne, health of A. rosea and basic, but 
      crucial soil properties, with potential further impacts on soil ecosystem 
      functioning.
FAU - Boots, Bas
AU  - Boots B
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6421-0961
AD  - Applied Ecology Research Group, School of Life Sciences , Anglia Ruskin 
      University , Cambridge CB1 1PT , U.K.
FAU - Russell, Connor William
AU  - Russell CW
AD  - Applied Ecology Research Group, School of Life Sciences , Anglia Ruskin 
      University , Cambridge CB1 1PT , U.K.
FAU - Green, Dannielle Senga
AU  - Green DS
AD  - Applied Ecology Research Group, School of Life Sciences , Anglia Ruskin 
      University , Cambridge CB1 1PT , U.K.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20190911
PL  - United States
TA  - Environ Sci Technol
JT  - Environmental science & technology
JID - 0213155
RN  - 0 (Plastics)
RN  - 0 (Soil)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Biodiversity
MH  - Ecosystem
MH  - *Oligochaeta
MH  - Plastics
MH  - *Soil
EDAT- 2019/09/12 06:00
MHDA- 2019/11/30 06:00
CRDT- 2019/09/12 06:00
PHST- 2019/09/12 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/11/30 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/09/12 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1021/acs.est.9b03304 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Sci Technol. 2019 Oct 1;53(19):11496-11506. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.9b03304. 
      Epub 2019 Sep 11.