PMID- 31541924
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20191021
LR  - 20191022
IS  - 1879-2456 (Electronic)
IS  - 0956-053X (Linking)
VI  - 100
DP  - 2019 Dec
TI  - A novel management strategy for removal and degradation of polybrominated 
      diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in waste printed circuit boards.
PG  - 191-198
LID - S0956-053X(19)30601-4 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.wasman.2019.09.022 [doi]
AB  - Waste printed circuit boards (PCBs) contain a high level of brominated flame 
      retardants (BFRs), among which polybrominated biphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are the 
      most widely used additive BFRs. PBDEs are considered to be a type of persistent 
      organic pollutants (POPs). The efficient removal/degradation of PBDEs in waste 
      PCBs is an urgent problem in electronic waste treatment, but the degradation of 
      PBDEs is a great challenge due to their extreme stability and persistence in 
      nature. In this study, a novel management strategy was developed for removal and 
      degradation of PBDEs in waste PCBs by using a simple subcritical methanol (SubCM) 
      process. The results showed that reaction temperature, residence time, 
      solid-to-liquid ratio, and additive NaOH are key factors influencing the removal 
      of PBDEs from waste PCBs. Under optimal conditions (200  degrees C, 60 min, 1:20 g/mL), 
      the removal efficiency of  summation operator(8)PBDEs from waste PCBs could reach 91.3% and 98.8% 
      for the proposed process of SubCM and SubCM + NaOH, respectively. When the 
      temperature is below 200  degrees C, highly brominated PBDEs congeners in waste PCBs were 
      degraded into 2,'3,4',6-Tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE71) and 
      2,4,4'-Tribromodiphenyl ether (BDE28) after SubCM treatment. 4-Bromophenyl ether 
      (BDE4) and diphenyl ether were generated by the further debromination of BDE71 
      and BDE28 with the increase of treatment temperature. The debromination 
      temperature of PBDEs congeners in SubCM could be markedly lowered by adding 4 g/L 
      of NaOH. The complete debromination of PBDEs congeners in waste PCBs could be 
      achieved at 300  degrees C and 250  degrees C for the developed process of SubCM and 
      SubCM + NaOH, respectively.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Xiu, Fu-Rong
AU  - Xiu FR
AD  - College of Geology and Environment, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, 
      Xi'an 710054, China; Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Geological Support for 
      Coal Green Exploitation, Xi'an 710054, China. Electronic address: 
      xiu_chem@hotmail.com.
FAU - Yu, Xuan
AU  - Yu X
AD  - College of Geology and Environment, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, 
      Xi'an 710054, China.
FAU - Qi, Yingying
AU  - Qi Y
AD  - College of Geology and Environment, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, 
      Xi'an 710054, China; Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Geological Support for 
      Coal Green Exploitation, Xi'an 710054, China.
FAU - Li, Yifan
AU  - Li Y
AD  - College of Geology and Environment, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, 
      Xi'an 710054, China.
FAU - Lu, Yongwei
AU  - Lu Y
AD  - College of Geology and Environment, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, 
      Xi'an 710054, China.
FAU - Wang, Yixiao
AU  - Wang Y
AD  - College of Geology and Environment, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, 
      Xi'an 710054, China.
FAU - He, Jiahuan
AU  - He J
AD  - College of Geology and Environment, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, 
      Xi'an 710054, China.
FAU - Zhou, Ke
AU  - Zhou K
AD  - College of Geology and Environment, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, 
      Xi'an 710054, China.
FAU - Song, Zhiqi
AU  - Song Z
AD  - College of Geology and Environment, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, 
      Xi'an 710054, China.
FAU - Gao, Xiang
AU  - Gao X
AD  - College of Geology and Environment, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, 
      Xi'an 710054, China; Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Geological Support for 
      Coal Green Exploitation, Xi'an 710054, China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20190918
PL  - United States
TA  - Waste Manag
JT  - Waste management (New York, N.Y.)
JID - 9884362
RN  - 0 (Environmental Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Flame Retardants)
RN  - 0 (Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Electronic Waste
MH  - *Environmental Pollutants
MH  - *Flame Retardants
MH  - Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Degradation
OT  - PBDEs
OT  - Subcritical methanol
OT  - WEEE
OT  - Waste printed circuit boards
EDAT- 2019/09/22 06:00
MHDA- 2019/10/23 06:00
CRDT- 2019/09/22 06:00
PHST- 2019/06/06 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/08/30 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2019/09/15 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/09/22 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/10/23 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/09/22 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0956-053X(19)30601-4 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.wasman.2019.09.022 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Waste Manag. 2019 Dec;100:191-198. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2019.09.022. Epub 2019 
      Sep 18.