PMID- 31543890
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20231013
IS  - 1664-462X (Print)
IS  - 1664-462X (Electronic)
IS  - 1664-462X (Linking)
VI  - 10
DP  - 2019
TI  - Unique Epigenetic Features of Ribosomal RNA Genes (rDNA) in Early Diverging 
      Plants (Bryophytes).
PG  - 1066
LID - 10.3389/fpls.2019.01066 [doi]
LID - 1066
AB  - Introduction: In plants, the multicopy genes encoding ribosomal RNA (rDNA) 
      typically exhibit heterochromatic features and high level of DNA methylation. 
      Here, we explored rDNA methylation in early diverging land plants from Bryophyta 
      (15 species, 14 families) and Marchantiophyta (4 species, 4 families). DNA 
      methylation was investigated by methylation-sensitive Southern blot hybridization 
      in all species. We also carried out whole genomic bisulfite sequencing in 
      Polytrichum formosum (Polytrichaceae) and Dicranum scoparium (Dicranaceae) and 
      used available model plant methyloms (Physcomitrella patents and Marchantia 
      polymorpha) to determine rDNA unit-wide methylation patterns. Chromatin structure 
      was analyzed using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and 
      immunoprecipitation (CHIP) assays. Results: In contrast to seed plants, bryophyte 
      rDNAs were efficiently digested with methylation-sensitive enzymes indicating no 
      or low levels of CG and CHG methylation in these loci. The rDNA methylom analyses 
      revealed variation between species ranging from negligible (<3%, P. formosum, P. 
      patens) to moderate (7 and 17% in M. polymorpha and D. scoparium, respectively) 
      methylation levels. There were no differences between coding and noncoding parts 
      of rDNA units and between gametophyte and sporophyte tissues. However, major 
      satellite repeat and transposable elements were heavily methylated in P. formosum 
      and D. scoparium. In P. formosum rDNA, the euchromatic H3K4m3 and heterochromatic 
      H3K9m2 histone marks were nearly balanced contrasting the angiosperms data where 
      H3K9m2 typically dominates rDNA chromatin. In moss interphase nuclei, rDNA was 
      localized at the nucleolar periphery and its condensation level was high. 
      Conclusions: Unlike seed plants, the rRNA genes seem to escape global methylation 
      machinery in bryophytes. Distinct epigenetic features may be related to rDNA 
      expression and the physiology of these early diverging plants that exist in 
      haploid state for most of their life cycles.
FAU - Matyasek, Roman
AU  - Matyasek R
AD  - Department of Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy 
      of Sciences, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, 
      Czechia.
FAU - Krumpolcova, Alice
AU  - Krumpolcova A
AD  - Department of Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy 
      of Sciences, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, 
      Czechia.
FAU - Lunerova, Jana
AU  - Lunerova J
AD  - Department of Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy 
      of Sciences, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, 
      Czechia.
FAU - Mikulaskova, Eva
AU  - Mikulaskova E
AD  - Department of Botany and Zoology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia.
FAU - Rossello, Josep A
AU  - Rossello JA
AD  - Jardin Botanico, ICBiBE-Unidad Asociada CSIC, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, 
      Spain.
FAU - Kovarik, Ales
AU  - Kovarik A
AD  - Department of Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy 
      of Sciences, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, 
      Czechia.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20190905
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Front Plant Sci
JT  - Frontiers in plant science
JID - 101568200
PMC - PMC6739443
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - bryophytes
OT  - cytosine methylation
OT  - epigenetics
OT  - genome evolution
OT  - histone marks
OT  - rDNA
EDAT- 2019/09/24 06:00
MHDA- 2019/09/24 06:01
PMCR- 2019/01/01
CRDT- 2019/09/24 06:00
PHST- 2019/03/11 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/08/06 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/09/24 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2019/09/24 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/09/24 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2019/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.3389/fpls.2019.01066 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Plant Sci. 2019 Sep 5;10:1066. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01066. eCollection 
      2019.