PMID- 31561709
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20211028
LR  - 20211028
IS  - 1932-2968 (Electronic)
IS  - 1932-2968 (Linking)
VI  - 15
IP  - 1
DP  - 2021 Jan
TI  - Capacity of Infusion Lines for Insulin Adsorption: Effect of Flow Rate on Total 
      Adsorption.
PG  - 109-120
LID - 10.1177/1932296819876924 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Insulin adsorption to clinical materials has been well observed, but 
      not well quantified. Insulin adsorption reduces expected and actual insulin 
      delivery and is unaccounted for in insulin therapy or glycemic control. It may 
      thus contribute to poor control and high glycemic variability. This research 
      quantifies the problem in the context of clinical use. METHOD: Experimental 
      insulin adsorption data from literature is used to calculate insulin delivery and 
      total insulin adsorption capacities for polyethylene (PE) and polyvinal chloride 
      (PVC) lines at clinically relevant flow rates and concentrations. RESULTS: 
      Insulin adsorption capacity decreased hyperbolically with flow rate for both PE 
      and PVC, where low flow scenarios result in greater insulin adherence to infusion 
      lines. When the infusion flow rate was halved from 1 to 0.5 mL/h, twice as much 
      insulin adsorbed to the line. Insulin loss to adsorption resulted in up to ~50% 
      of intended insulin not delivered over 24 hours in a low flow and low 
      concentration context. CONCLUSION: Material capacity for insulin adsorption is 
      not constant, but increases with decreasing flow. Different materials have 
      different adsorption capacities. In low flow and low concentration contexts, such 
      as in neonatal or pediatric intensive care, insulin loss to adsorption represents 
      a significant proportion of daily insulin delivery, which needs to be accounted 
      for.
FAU - Knopp, Jennifer L
AU  - Knopp JL
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9343-3961
AD  - Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New 
      Zealand.
FAU - Bishop, Kaia
AU  - Bishop K
AD  - Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New 
      Zealand.
FAU - Lerios, Theodore
AU  - Lerios T
AD  - Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New 
      Zealand.
FAU - Chase, J Geoffrey
AU  - Chase JG
AD  - Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New 
      Zealand.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20190927
PL  - United States
TA  - J Diabetes Sci Technol
JT  - Journal of diabetes science and technology
JID - 101306166
RN  - 0 (Insulin)
RN  - 9002-86-2 (Polyvinyl Chloride)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adsorption
MH  - Child
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Hyperglycemia/drug therapy
MH  - Infant, Newborn
MH  - Infusions, Parenteral
MH  - *Insulin/therapeutic use
MH  - Polyvinyl Chloride/therapeutic use
PMC - PMC7783010
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - insulin adsorption
OT  - insulin binding
OT  - insulin infusion
OT  - intensive care
COIS- Declaration of Conflicting Interests: The author(s) declared no potential 
      conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or 
      publication of this article.
EDAT- 2019/09/29 06:00
MHDA- 2021/10/29 06:00
PMCR- 2020/09/27
CRDT- 2019/09/29 06:00
PHST- 2019/09/29 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/10/29 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/09/29 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/09/27 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1177_1932296819876924 [pii]
AID - 10.1177/1932296819876924 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2021 Jan;15(1):109-120. doi: 10.1177/1932296819876924. 
      Epub 2019 Sep 27.