PMID- 31567547 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20200608 LR - 20200608 IS - 1473-6551 (Electronic) IS - 1350-7540 (Linking) VI - 32 IP - 6 DP - 2019 Dec TI - Exercise factors as potential mediators of cognitive rehabilitation following traumatic brain injury. PG - 808-814 LID - 10.1097/WCO.0000000000000754 [doi] AB - PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To summarize what is known about how exercise mediates cognitive rehabilitation post traumatic brain injury (TBI). RECENT FINDINGS: TBI is a devastating condition that leads to cognitive, motor and social deficits with significant social and economic burdens. Physical exercise has been shown to mediate cognitive rehabilitation post-TBI. The therapeutic effects of exercise are related in part to its ability to increase brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf) expression in the hippocampus. However, we have only recently begun to understand how exercise induces Bdnf expression in the brain through the identification of peripheral exercise factors. In this review, we will discuss the literature describing the various known exercise factors and we will assess their potential role in TBI. SUMMARY: The reviewed literature makes a strong case that exercise has important protective roles post-TBI. It also highlights the relevance and role of peripheral exercise factors, such as lactate and beta-hydroxybutyrate in mediating beneficial effects of exercise on cognition. Studying exercise factors in the context of injury will likely contribute to better therapeutic strategies for TBI. FAU - Stephan, Joseph S AU - Stephan JS AD - School of Medicine, Lebanese American University. FAU - Sleiman, Sama F AU - Sleiman SF AD - Biology Program, Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review PL - England TA - Curr Opin Neurol JT - Current opinion in neurology JID - 9319162 RN - 0 (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor) RN - 7171WSG8A2 (BDNF protein, human) SB - IM MH - *Brain Injuries, Traumatic/complications/metabolism/rehabilitation MH - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/*metabolism MH - *Cognitive Dysfunction/etiology/metabolism/rehabilitation MH - Exercise/*physiology MH - Humans MH - Male EDAT- 2019/10/01 06:00 MHDA- 2020/06/09 06:00 CRDT- 2019/10/01 06:00 PHST- 2019/10/01 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/06/09 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2019/10/01 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1097/WCO.0000000000000754 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Curr Opin Neurol. 2019 Dec;32(6):808-814. doi: 10.1097/WCO.0000000000000754.