PMID- 31597767 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20200611 LR - 20200611 IS - 1098-5514 (Electronic) IS - 0022-538X (Print) IS - 0022-538X (Linking) VI - 94 IP - 1 DP - 2019 Dec 12 TI - Differential Modulation of Innate Immune Responses in Human Primary Cells by Influenza A Viruses Carrying Human or Avian Nonstructural Protein 1. LID - 10.1128/JVI.00999-19 [doi] LID - e00999-19 AB - The influenza A virus (IAV) nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) contributes to disease pathogenesis through the inhibition of host innate immune responses. Dendritic cells (DCs) release interferons (IFNs) and proinflammatory cytokines and promote adaptive immunity upon viral infection. In order to characterize the strain-specific effects of IAV NS1 on human DC activation, we infected human DCs with a panel of recombinant viruses with the same backbone (A/Puerto Rico/08/1934) expressing different NS1 proteins from human and avian origin. We found that these viruses induced a clearly distinct phenotype in DCs. Specifically, viruses expressing NS1 from human IAV (either H1N1 or H3N2) induced higher levels of expression of type I (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta) and type III (IFN-lambda1 to IFNlambda3) IFNs than viruses expressing avian IAV NS1 proteins (H5N1, H7N9, and H7N2), but the differences observed in the expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines like tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) or interleukin-6 (IL-6) were not significant. In addition, using imaging flow cytometry, we found that human and avian NS1 proteins segregate based on their subcellular trafficking dynamics, which might be associated with the different innate immune profile induced in DCs by viruses expressing those NS1 proteins. Innate immune responses induced by our panel of IAV recombinant viruses were also characterized in normal human bronchial epithelial cells, and the results were consistent with those in DCs. Altogether, our results reveal an increased ability of NS1 from avian viruses to antagonize innate immune responses in human primary cells compared to the ability of NS1 from human viruses, which could contribute to the severe disease induced by avian IAV in humans.IMPORTANCE Influenza A viruses (IAVs) cause seasonal epidemics which result in an important health and economic burden. Wild aquatic birds are the natural host of IAV. However, IAV can infect diverse hosts, including humans, domestic poultry, pigs, and others. IAVs circulating in animals occasionally cross the species barrier, infecting humans, which results in mild to very severe disease. In some cases, these viruses can acquire the ability to be transmitted among humans and initiate a pandemic. The nonstructural 1 (NS1) protein of IAV is an important antagonist of the innate immune response. In this study, using recombinant viruses and primary human cells, we show that NS1 proteins from human and avian hosts show intrinsic differences in the modulation of the innate immunity in human dendritic cells and epithelial cells, as well as different cellular localization dynamics in infected cells. CI - Copyright (c) 2019 Monteagudo et al. FAU - Monteagudo, Paula L AU - Monteagudo PL AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7843-6849 AD - Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA. FAU - Munoz-Moreno, Raquel AU - Munoz-Moreno R AD - Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA. FAU - Fribourg, Miguel AU - Fribourg M AD - Department of Medicine Division of Infectious Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, New York, USA. FAU - Potla, Uma AU - Potla U AD - Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA. FAU - Mena, Ignacio AU - Mena I AD - Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA. FAU - Marjanovic, Nada AU - Marjanovic N AD - Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA. FAU - Hartmann, Boris M AU - Hartmann BM AD - Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA. FAU - Sealfon, Stuart C AU - Sealfon SC AD - Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA. FAU - Garcia-Sastre, Adolfo AU - Garcia-Sastre A AD - Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA. AD - Department of Medicine Division of Infectious Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, New York, USA. AD - Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA. FAU - Ramos, Irene AU - Ramos I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0223-0120 AD - Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA irene.ramos-lopez@mssm.edu ana.sesma@mssm.edu. FAU - Fernandez-Sesma, Ana AU - Fernandez-Sesma A AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3405-6702 AD - Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA irene.ramos-lopez@mssm.edu ana.sesma@mssm.edu. AD - Department of Medicine Division of Infectious Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, New York, USA. AD - The Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA. LA - eng GR - HHSN272201400008C/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States GR - U19 AI117873/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural DEP - 20191212 PL - United States TA - J Virol JT - Journal of virology JID - 0113724 RN - 0 (IL6 protein, human) RN - 0 (INS1 protein, influenza virus) RN - 0 (Interferon-alpha) RN - 0 (Interleukin-6) RN - 0 (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha) RN - 0 (Viral Nonstructural Proteins) RN - 77238-31-4 (Interferon-beta) RN - 82115-62-6 (Interferon-gamma) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Birds MH - Dendritic Cells/immunology/virology MH - Dogs MH - Epithelial Cells/*immunology/virology MH - Gene Expression Regulation MH - Host Specificity MH - Host-Pathogen Interactions/*genetics/immunology MH - Humans MH - *Immunity, Innate MH - Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/classification/*genetics/immunology MH - Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype/classification/genetics/immunology MH - Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype/classification/*genetics/immunology MH - Influenza A Virus, H7N2 Subtype/classification/genetics/immunology MH - Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype/classification/genetics/immunology MH - Interferon-alpha/genetics/immunology MH - Interferon-beta/genetics/immunology MH - Interferon-gamma/genetics/immunology MH - Interleukin-6/genetics/immunology MH - Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells MH - Phylogeny MH - Primary Cell Culture MH - Reassortant Viruses/genetics/immunology MH - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/genetics/immunology MH - Viral Nonstructural Proteins/classification/*genetics/immunology PMC - PMC6912104 OTO - NOTNLM OT - NS1 protein OT - dendritic cells OT - epithelial cells OT - influenza OT - innate immunity OT - interferons EDAT- 2019/10/11 06:00 MHDA- 2020/06/12 06:00 PMCR- 2019/12/12 CRDT- 2019/10/11 06:00 PHST- 2019/07/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/09/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/10/11 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/06/12 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2019/10/11 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2019/12/12 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - JVI.00999-19 [pii] AID - 00999-19 [pii] AID - 10.1128/JVI.00999-19 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Virol. 2019 Dec 12;94(1):e00999-19. doi: 10.1128/JVI.00999-19. Print 2019 Dec 12.