PMID- 31609623
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20191209
LR  - 20191217
IS  - 1520-5118 (Electronic)
IS  - 0021-8561 (Linking)
VI  - 67
IP  - 47
DP  - 2019 Nov 27
TI  - Gymnemic Acid Ameliorates Hyperglycemia through PI3K/AKT- and AMPK-Mediated 
      Signaling Pathways in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Rats.
PG  - 13051-13060
LID - 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b04931 [doi]
AB  - Gymnemic acid (GA) isolated from Gymnema sylvestre (Retz.) Schult. has been shown 
      to have antihyperglycemic activity; however, the molecular mechanisms governing 
      these effects are unclear. In this study, GA (40 and 80 mg kg(-1) day(-1)) was 
      evaluated by type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats to explore its hypoglycemic 
      activity and underlying mechanisms of action. The results indicated that GA 
      decreased fasting blood glucose (FBG) concentrations by 26.7% and lowered insulin 
      concentrations by 16.1% after oral administration of GA at a dose of 80 mg kg(-1) 
      day(-1) for 6 weeks in T2DM rats. Our data showed that real-time polymerase chain 
      reaction and western blot indicated that GA upregulated the level of 
      phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) and glycogen synthesis (GS) and promoted the 
      phosphorylation of protein kinase B (Akt) while downregulated the expression of 
      glycogen synthesis kinase-3beta (GSK-3beta) in T2DM rats. In addition, key proteins 
      involved in adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase 
      (AMPK)-mediated gluconeogenesis [such as phosphoenolpyruvate carboxy kinase 
      (PEPCK) and glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase)] were downregulated in GA-treated T2DM 
      rats. In summary, the hypoglycemic mechanisms of GA may be related to promoting 
      insulin signal transduction and activating PI3K/Akt- and AMPK-mediated signaling 
      pathways in T2DM rats.
FAU - Li, Yumeng
AU  - Li Y
AD  - Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety (Tianjin University of Science and 
      Technology) , Ministry of Education , Tianjin 300457 , People's Republic of 
      China.
FAU - Liu, Yaping
AU  - Liu Y
AD  - Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety (Tianjin University of Science and 
      Technology) , Ministry of Education , Tianjin 300457 , People's Republic of 
      China.
FAU - Liang, Junjie
AU  - Liang J
AD  - Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety (Tianjin University of Science and 
      Technology) , Ministry of Education , Tianjin 300457 , People's Republic of 
      China.
FAU - Wang, Tianxin
AU  - Wang T
AD  - Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety (Tianjin University of Science and 
      Technology) , Ministry of Education , Tianjin 300457 , People's Republic of 
      China.
FAU - Sun, Mingzhe
AU  - Sun M
AD  - Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety (Tianjin University of Science and 
      Technology) , Ministry of Education , Tianjin 300457 , People's Republic of 
      China.
FAU - Zhang, Zesheng
AU  - Zhang Z
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0173-9355
AD  - Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety (Tianjin University of Science and 
      Technology) , Ministry of Education , Tianjin 300457 , People's Republic of 
      China.
AD  - Tianjin Food Safety & Low Carbon Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center , 
      Tianjin 300457 , People's Republic of China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20191118
PL  - United States
TA  - J Agric Food Chem
JT  - Journal of agricultural and food chemistry
JID - 0374755
RN  - 0 (Hypoglycemic Agents)
RN  - 0 (Insulin)
RN  - 0 (Saponins)
RN  - 0 (Triterpenes)
RN  - 327O38FRK1 (gymnemic acid)
RN  - EC 2.7.1.137 (Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase)
RN  - EC 2.7.11.1 (Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt)
RN  - EC 2.7.11.31 (AMP-Activated Protein Kinases)
SB  - IM
MH  - AMP-Activated Protein Kinases/genetics/*metabolism
MH  - Animals
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*drug therapy/enzymology/genetics
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hypoglycemic Agents/*administration & dosage
MH  - Insulin/metabolism
MH  - Male
MH  - Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/genetics/*metabolism
MH  - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/genetics/*metabolism
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Sprague-Dawley
MH  - Saponins/*administration & dosage
MH  - Signal Transduction/drug effects
MH  - Triterpenes/*administration & dosage
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - PI3K/Akt and AMPK signaling
OT  - diabetes mellitus
OT  - glucose metabolism
OT  - gymnemic acid
OT  - insulin resistance
EDAT- 2019/10/15 06:00
MHDA- 2019/12/18 06:00
CRDT- 2019/10/15 06:00
PHST- 2019/10/15 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/12/18 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/10/15 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b04931 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Agric Food Chem. 2019 Nov 27;67(47):13051-13060. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b04931. 
      Epub 2019 Nov 18.