PMID- 31616338
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20200930
IS  - 1664-1078 (Print)
IS  - 1664-1078 (Electronic)
IS  - 1664-1078 (Linking)
VI  - 10
DP  - 2019
TI  - Modeling Measurement as a Sequential Process: Autoregressive Confirmatory Factor 
      Analysis (AR-CFA).
PG  - 2108
LID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02108 [doi]
LID - 2108
AB  - To model data from multi-item scales, many researchers default to a confirmatory 
      factor analysis (CFA) approach that restricts cross-loadings and residual 
      correlations to zero. This often leads to problems of measurement-model misfit 
      while also ignoring theoretically relevant alternatives. Existing research mostly 
      offers solutions by relaxing assumptions about cross-loadings and allowing 
      residual correlations. However, such approaches are critiqued as being weak on 
      theory and/or indicative of problematic measurement scales. We offer a 
      theoretically-grounded alternative to modeling survey data called an 
      autoregressive confirmatory factor analysis (AR-CFA), which is motivated by 
      recognizing that responding to survey items is a sequential process that may 
      create temporal dependencies among scale items. We compare an AR-CFA to other 
      common approaches using a sample of 8,569 people measured along five common 
      personality factors, showing how the AR-CFA can improve model fit and offer 
      evidence of increased construct validity. We then introduce methods for testing 
      AR-CFA hypotheses, including cross-level moderation effects using latent 
      interactions among stable factors and time-varying residuals. We recommend 
      considering the AR-CFA as a useful complement to other existing approaches and 
      treat AR-CFA limitations.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2019 Ozkok, Zyphur, Barsky, Theilacker, Donnellan and Oswald.
FAU - Ozkok, Ozlem
AU  - Ozkok O
AD  - Department of Management and Marketing, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 
      VIC, Australia.
FAU - Zyphur, Michael J
AU  - Zyphur MJ
AD  - Department of Management and Marketing, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 
      VIC, Australia.
FAU - Barsky, Adam P
AU  - Barsky AP
AD  - Department of Management and Marketing, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 
      VIC, Australia.
FAU - Theilacker, Max
AU  - Theilacker M
AD  - Department of Management and Marketing, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 
      VIC, Australia.
FAU - Donnellan, M Brent
AU  - Donnellan MB
AD  - Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United 
      States.
FAU - Oswald, Frederick L
AU  - Oswald FL
AD  - Department of Psychological Sciences, Rice University, Houston, TX, United 
      States.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20190920
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Front Psychol
JT  - Frontiers in psychology
JID - 101550902
PMC - PMC6763968
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - auto regression (AR)
OT  - autoregressive model
OT  - confirmatory factor analysis (CFA)
OT  - personality factors
OT  - structural equation modeling (SEM)
EDAT- 2019/10/17 06:00
MHDA- 2019/10/17 06:01
PMCR- 2019/09/20
CRDT- 2019/10/17 06:00
PHST- 2019/02/04 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/08/30 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/10/17 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2019/10/17 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/10/17 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2019/09/20 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02108 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Psychol. 2019 Sep 20;10:2108. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02108. eCollection 
      2019.