PMID- 31617687
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210528
LR  - 20210528
IS  - 2472-1727 (Electronic)
VI  - 112
IP  - 1
DP  - 2020 Jan 1
TI  - Toxic effects of maternal exposure to silver nanoparticles on mice fetal 
      development during pregnancy.
PG  - 81-92
LID - 10.1002/bdr2.1605 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Silver nanoparticles (SNPs) are being increasingly used in medical 
      and industrial products. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the toxic 
      effect of maternal exposure to SNP (1 mg/kg/day, 70 nm) on fetal development 
      during the first and second weeks of pregnancy. METHODS: Twenty-four pregnant 
      mice were divided into four groups. SNP was administered by oral gavage on 
      gestational days (GD) 1-7, GD8-14, or GD1-14. Phosphate buffered saline was 
      administered by oral gavage to a control group. On GD15, the uteri were excised, 
      and fetal bodies and placentas were weighed. Head and placental circumferences 
      and fetal crown-rump length were measured, and fetuses were evaluated for 
      external malformation. TUNEL assay was performed to assess apoptosis in the fetal 
      midbrain. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was carried out to determine changes in 
      fetal histomorphology. Fetal liver cells were used for karyotype analysis. 
      RESULTS: Significant decreases in fetal body weight, and crown-rump length were 
      observed in SNP-treated groups. Exencephaly, small head, scoliosis, lordosis, 
      short thorax and trunk, also fused digits were detected in SNPs-treated groups. 
      Fibrosis, necrosis, and apoptotic cells in fetal midbrains increased 
      significantly in the GD8-14 and GD1-14 groups compared to the control group. 
      Chromosomal features were not different in fetuses between groups. CONCLUSIONS: 
      Exposure to 1 mg/kg/day SNP during pregnancy in mice adversely affected on fetal 
      development. The results do suggest a potential risk for humans that needs to be 
      followed up with more definitive investigations.
CI  - (c) 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
FAU - Mozafari, Maryam
AU  - Mozafari M
AD  - Department of Biology, Ashkezar Islamic Azad University, Yazd, Iran.
FAU - Khoradmehr, Arezoo
AU  - Khoradmehr A
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7460-1616
AD  - Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproduction Sciences 
      Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
FAU - Danafar, Amirhossein
AU  - Danafar A
AD  - Seyedhassani Medical Sciences Center, Yazd, Iran.
FAU - Miresmaeili, Mohsen
AU  - Miresmaeili M
AD  - Science and Arts University, Biology department, Yazd, Iran.
FAU - Kalantar, Seyed Mehdi
AU  - Kalantar SM
AD  - Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproduction Sciences 
      Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20191016
PL  - United States
TA  - Birth Defects Res
JT  - Birth defects research
JID - 101701004
RN  - 3M4G523W1G (Silver)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Female
MH  - Fetal Development/drug effects
MH  - Fetus/drug effects
MH  - Male
MH  - Maternal Exposure/*adverse effects
MH  - Metal Nanoparticles/*adverse effects/*toxicity
MH  - Mice
MH  - Mice, Inbred Strains
MH  - Placenta/drug effects
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Silver/adverse effects/toxicity
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - apoptotic cell
OT  - histomorphology
OT  - mouse
OT  - pregnancy
OT  - silver nanoparticle
EDAT- 2019/10/17 06:00
MHDA- 2021/05/29 06:00
CRDT- 2019/10/17 06:00
PHST- 2018/10/01 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/08/26 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2019/10/03 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/10/17 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/05/29 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/10/17 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1002/bdr2.1605 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Birth Defects Res. 2020 Jan 1;112(1):81-92. doi: 10.1002/bdr2.1605. Epub 2019 Oct 
      16.