PMID- 31631660
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200630
LR  - 20200630
IS  - 1520-5827 (Electronic)
IS  - 0743-7463 (Linking)
VI  - 35
IP  - 48
DP  - 2019 Dec 3
TI  - Interfacial Tension of the Water-Diluted Bitumen Interface at High Bitumen 
      Concentrations Measured Using a Microfluidic Technique.
PG  - 15710-15722
LID - 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b02253 [doi]
AB  - The interfacial tension (IFT) is a critical parameter to inform our understanding 
      of the phenomena of drop breakup and droplet-droplet coalescence in sheared 
      water-in-diluted bitumen (dilbit) emulsions. A microfluidic extensional flow 
      device (MEFD) was used to determine the IFT of the dilbit-water emulsion system 
      for bitumen concentrations of 33%, 50%, and 67% by weight (solvent to bitumen 
      ratio (S/B) = 2, 1, and 0.5, respectively) and two different pH values of water: 
      8.3 and 9.9. The IFT was observed to increase with the bitumen concentration and 
      decrease significantly upon lowering the water pH. The time scale for achieving 
      the steady state IFT increased with bitumen concentration and was less sensitive 
      to the water pH. But the most important feature of our measurements is that the 
      IFTs recorded were significantly smaller than the values reported in the 
      literature. We recognized two important differences between our studies and prior 
      investigations: measurement of the IFT of water drops in dilbit as opposed to 
      dilbit drops in water in earlier studies, and time scales of measurement of IFT 
      that ranged from hundreds of milliseconds to a few seconds, as compared to a 
      minute or longer in past investigations. These differences were examined 
      carefully, but neither was found to explain the low IFTs measured in our studies. 
      Our work leads to the following hypothesis: the mechanical properties of the 
      interface of a sheared water drop in bitumen are significantly different from a 
      stagnant one.
FAU - Goel, Sachin
AU  - Goel S
AD  - University of Toronto , Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry 
      , 200 College Street , Toronto , ON M5S 3E5 , Canada.
FAU - Joshi, Niyati
AU  - Joshi N
AD  - University of Toronto , Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry 
      , 200 College Street , Toronto , ON M5S 3E5 , Canada.
FAU - Uddin, Muhammad Siraj
AU  - Uddin MS
AD  - University of Toronto , Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry 
      , 200 College Street , Toronto , ON M5S 3E5 , Canada.
FAU - Ng, Samson
AU  - Ng S
AD  - Syncrude Canada Limited, Edmonton Research Centre , Edmonton , Alberta Canada.
FAU - Acosta, Edgar
AU  - Acosta E
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8186-1093
AD  - University of Toronto , Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry 
      , 200 College Street , Toronto , ON M5S 3E5 , Canada.
FAU - Ramachandran, Arun
AU  - Ramachandran A
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9403-5930
AD  - University of Toronto , Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry 
      , 200 College Street , Toronto , ON M5S 3E5 , Canada.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20191115
PL  - United States
TA  - Langmuir
JT  - Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids
JID - 9882736
SB  - IM
EDAT- 2019/10/22 06:00
MHDA- 2019/10/22 06:01
CRDT- 2019/10/22 06:00
PHST- 2019/10/22 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/10/22 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2019/10/22 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b02253 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Langmuir. 2019 Dec 3;35(48):15710-15722. doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b02253. Epub 
      2019 Nov 15.