PMID- 31636052 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20200706 LR - 20200706 IS - 2212-2672 (Print) IS - 2212-2672 (Linking) VI - 120 IP - 1 DP - 2020 Jan TI - The Role of Diet in the Prevention of Diabetes among Women with Prior Gestational Diabetes: A Systematic Review of Intervention and Observational Studies. PG - 69-85.e7 LID - S2212-2672(19)31027-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jand.2019.07.021 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Women with prior gestational diabetes (GDM) have an increased lifetime risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). There are no up-to-date systematic reviews analyzing the relationship of diet with risk of developing T2DM following GDM. OBJECTIVE: To systematically review the evidence from intervention and observational studies on effects of dietary interventions and associations of dietary intake with T2DM outcomes in women with a GDM history. METHODS: Six electronic databases were searched (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Embase, Medline, Cochrane Central, Proquest, and Scopus) for articles published until May 2019. This review includes intervention and observational studies among women of any age with a history of GDM that reported on the effects of dietary interventions or association of dietary intake (energy, nutrients, foods, dietary patterns) with T2DM, impaired glucose tolerance, impaired fasting glucose, or prediabetes. RESULTS: The systematic review identified five articles reporting results from four intervention studies, and seven articles reporting results from four observational studies. Findings from intervention studies indicated trends toward beneficial effects of a low-glycemic index diet, a low-carbohydrate diet, and a diet in line with general population dietary guidelines, but studies had unclear or high risk of bias. Findings from two cross-sectional and one prospective study indicated poorer diabetes outcomes for women with higher intakes of branched-chain amino acids, total and heme iron, and a diet relatively low in carbohydrates and high in animal fat and protein, and better outcomes among those consuming diets rich in fruit, vegetables, nuts, fish, and legumes, and low in red and processed meats and sugar-sweetened beverages, after adjustment for confounders, including body mass index. CONCLUSIONS: Findings from observational studies support current dietary guidelines for the prevention of T2DM. Further dietary intervention studies are needed to confirm whether or not dietary modification following a GDM pregnancy reduces women's risk of developing T2DM. CI - Copyright (c) 2020 Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - D'Arcy, Ellie AU - D'Arcy E FAU - Rayner, Jessica AU - Rayner J FAU - Hodge, Allison AU - Hodge A FAU - Ross, Lynda J AU - Ross LJ FAU - Schoenaker, Danielle A J M AU - Schoenaker DAJM LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Systematic Review DEP - 20191018 PL - United States TA - J Acad Nutr Diet JT - Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics JID - 101573920 SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Clinical Trials as Topic MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/etiology/*prevention & control MH - *Diabetes, Gestational MH - Diet/*methods MH - Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted/methods MH - Female MH - Glycemic Index MH - Humans MH - Nutrition Policy MH - Observational Studies as Topic MH - Pregnancy MH - Prospective Studies MH - Risk Reduction Behavior OTO - NOTNLM OT - Diabetes OT - Intervention OT - Nutrition OT - Pregnancy OT - Systematic review EDAT- 2019/10/23 06:00 MHDA- 2020/07/07 06:00 CRDT- 2019/10/23 06:00 PHST- 2019/02/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/07/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/10/23 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/07/07 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2019/10/23 06:00 [entrez] AID - S2212-2672(19)31027-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jand.2019.07.021 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Acad Nutr Diet. 2020 Jan;120(1):69-85.e7. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2019.07.021. Epub 2019 Oct 18.