PMID- 31638203 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20200402 LR - 20200402 IS - 1791-2423 (Electronic) IS - 1019-6439 (Linking) VI - 55 IP - 6 DP - 2019 Dec TI - Tumor necrosis factor-alpha triggers opposing signals in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and induces apoptosis via mitochondrial- and non-mitochondrial-dependent pathways. PG - 1324-1338 LID - 10.3892/ijo.2019.4900 [doi] AB - Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains one of the most common malignancies worldwide. Although the treatment outcomes of HNSCC have improved in recent years, the prognosis of patients with advanced-stage disease remains poor. Current treatment strategies for HNSCC include surgery as a primary therapy, while radio-, chemo-, and biotherapeutics can be applied as second-line therapy. Although tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is a potent tumor suppressor cytokine, the stimulation of opposing signals impairs its clinical utility as an anticancer agent. The aim of this study was to elucidate the mechanisms regulating TNF-alpha‑induced opposing signals and their biological consequences in HNSCC cell lines. We determined the molecular mechanisms of TNF-alpha-induced opposing signals in HNSCC cells. Our in vitro analysis indicated that one of these signals triggers apoptosis, while the other induces both apoptosis and cell survival. The TNF-alpha-induced survival of HNSCC cells is mediated by the TNF receptor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2)/nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB-dependent pathway, while TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis is mediated by mitochondrial and non-mitochondrial-dependent mechanisms through FADD-caspase-8-caspase-3 and ASK-JNK-p53-Noxa pathways. The localization of Noxa protein to both the mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) was found to cause mitochondrial dysregulation and ER stress, respectively. Using inhibitory experiments, we demonstrated that the FADD‑caspase-8‑caspase-3 pathway, together with mitochondrial dysregulation and ER stress-dependent pathways, are essential for the modulation of apoptosis, and the NF-kappaB pathway is essential for the modulation of anti-apoptotic effects/cell survival during the exposure of HNSCC cells to TNF-alpha. Our data provide insight into the mechanisms of TNF-alpha-induced opposing signals in HNSCC cells and may further help in the development of novel therapeutic approaches with which to minimize the systemic toxicity of TNF-alpha. FAU - Selimovic, Denis AU - Selimovic D AD - INSERM UMR 1121, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France. FAU - Wahl, Renate U AU - Wahl RU AD - Clinic of Dermatology, University Hospital omicronf Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany. FAU - Ruiz, Emmanuelle AU - Ruiz E AD - Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA. FAU - Aslam, Rizwan AU - Aslam R AD - Department of Otolaryngology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA. FAU - Flanagan, Thomas W AU - Flanagan TW AD - Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA. FAU - Hassan, Sofie-Yasmin AU - Hassan SY AD - Clinic of Dermatology, University Hospital omicronf Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany. FAU - Santourlidis, Simeon AU - Santourlidis S AD - Epigenetics Core Laboratory, Institute of Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, University Hospital of Dusseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University of Dusseldorf, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany. FAU - Haikel, Youssef AU - Haikel Y AD - INSERM UMR 1121, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France. FAU - Friedlander, Paul AU - Friedlander P AD - Department of Otolaryngology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA. FAU - Megahed, Mosaad AU - Megahed M AD - Clinic of Dermatology, University Hospital omicronf Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany. FAU - Kandil, Emad AU - Kandil E AD - Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA. FAU - Hassan, Mohamed AU - Hassan M AD - INSERM UMR 1121, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20191017 PL - Greece TA - Int J Oncol JT - International journal of oncology JID - 9306042 RN - 0 (PSMD2 protein, human) RN - 0 (TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 2) SB - IM MH - Apoptosis/*genetics MH - Cell Line, Tumor MH - Cell Survival/genetics MH - Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress/genetics MH - *Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic MH - Head and Neck Neoplasms/*genetics/pathology MH - Humans MH - Mitochondria/genetics/metabolism MH - Signal Transduction/genetics MH - Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck/*genetics/pathology MH - TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 2/*metabolism EDAT- 2019/10/23 06:00 MHDA- 2020/04/03 06:00 CRDT- 2019/10/23 06:00 PHST- 2017/11/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2018/02/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/10/23 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/04/03 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2019/10/23 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.3892/ijo.2019.4900 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Int J Oncol. 2019 Dec;55(6):1324-1338. doi: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4900. Epub 2019 Oct 17.