PMID- 31662146
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200225
LR  - 20200225
IS  - 2078-5135 (Electronic)
VI  - 109
IP  - 8b
DP  - 2019 Sep 10
TI  - Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) diversity and clinical applications in South 
      Africa.
PG  - 29-34
LID - 10.7196/SAMJ.2019.v109i8b.13825 [doi]
AB  - The major histocompatibility complex, known as the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) 
      complex in humans, forms an integral component of adaptive T cell immunity by 
      presenting self and non-self peptides to the T cell receptor, thereby allowing 
      clonal expansion of responding peptide-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. HLA 
      likewise forms an integral part of the innate immune response through the binding 
      of killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) molecules, which regulate the 
      response of natural killer (NK) cells. The HLA complex is found on the short arm 
      of chromosome 6 and is the most polymorphic region in the human genome. Africans 
      are genetically more diverse than other populations; however, information on HLA 
      diversity among southern Africans, including South African populations, is 
      limited. Paucity of African HLA data limits our understanding of disease 
      associations, the ability to identify donor-recipient matches for transplantation 
      and the development of disease-specific vaccines. This review discusses the 
      importance of HLA in the clinical setting in South Africans and highlights how 
      tools such as HLA imputation might augment standard HLA typing methods to 
      increase our understanding of HLA diversity in our populations, which will better 
      inform disease association studies, donor recruitment strategies into bone marrow 
      registries and our understanding of human genetic diversity in South Africa.
FAU - Mellet, J
AU  - Mellet J
AD  - Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Immunology, and 
      SAMRC Extramural Unit for Stem Cell Research and Therapy, Faculty of Health 
      Sciences, University of Pretoria, South Africa. juanitamellet@yahoo.co.uk.
FAU - Tshabalala, M
AU  - Tshabalala M
FAU - Agbedare, O
AU  - Agbedare O
FAU - Meyer, Pwa
AU  - Meyer P
FAU - Gray, C M
AU  - Gray CM
FAU - Pepper, M S
AU  - Pepper MS
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20190910
PL  - South Africa
TA  - S Afr Med J
JT  - South African medical journal = Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir geneeskunde
JID - 0404520
RN  - 0 (HLA Antigens)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, KIR)
SB  - IM
MH  - Genetic Variation
MH  - HLA Antigens/*genetics/immunology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Killer Cells, Natural/*immunology
MH  - Receptors, KIR/*genetics/immunology
MH  - Registries
MH  - South Africa
MH  - Tissue Donors
EDAT- 2019/10/31 06:00
MHDA- 2020/02/26 06:00
CRDT- 2019/10/31 06:00
PHST- 2019/09/10 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/10/31 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2019/10/31 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/02/26 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.7196/SAMJ.2019.v109i8b.13825 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - S Afr Med J. 2019 Sep 10;109(8b):29-34. doi: 10.7196/SAMJ.2019.v109i8b.13825.