PMID- 31680134
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200713
LR  - 20231103
IS  - 1478-6729 (Electronic)
IS  - 0193-936X (Print)
IS  - 0193-936X (Linking)
VI  - 41
IP  - 1
DP  - 2019 Jan 31
TI  - Postexposure Effects of Vaccines on Infectious Diseases.
PG  - 13-27
LID - 10.1093/epirev/mxz014 [doi]
AB  - We searched the PubMed database for clinical trials and observational human 
      studies about postexposure vaccination effects, targeting infections with 
      approved vaccines and vaccines licensed outside the United States against dengue, 
      hepatitis E, malaria, and tick-borne encephalitis. Studies of animal models, 
      serologic testing, and pipeline vaccines were excluded. Eligible studies were 
      evaluated by definition of exposure; attempts to distinguish pre- and 
      postexposure effects were rated on a scale of 1 to 4. We screened 4,518 articles 
      and ultimately identified for this review 14 clinical trials and 31 observational 
      studies spanning 7 of the 28 vaccine-preventable diseases. For secondary attack 
      rate, the following medians were found for postexposure vaccination 
      effectiveness: hepatitis A, 85% (interquartile range (IQR), 28; n = 5 sources); 
      hepatitis B, 85% (IQR, 22; n = 5 sources); measles, 83% (IQR, 21; n = 8 sources); 
      varicella, 67% (IQR: 48; n = 9 sources); smallpox, 45% (IQR, 39; n = 4 sources); 
      and mumps, 38% (IQR, 7; n = 2 sources). For case fatality proportions resulting 
      from rabies and smallpox, the median vaccine postexposure efficacies were 100% 
      (IQR, 0; n = 6 sources) and 63% (IQR, 50; n = 8 sources), respectively. Many 
      available vaccines can modify or preclude disease if administered after exposure. 
      This postexposure effectiveness could be important to consider during vaccine 
      trials and while developing new vaccines.
CI  - (c) The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Johns 
      Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. All rights reserved. For permissions, 
      please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.
FAU - Gallagher, Tara
AU  - Gallagher T
AD  - Dartmouth College Department of Physics and Astronomy, Hanover, New Hampshire.
FAU - Lipsitch, Marc
AU  - Lipsitch M
AD  - Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, 
      Massachusetts.
LA  - eng
GR  - U54 GM088558/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Review
PL  - United States
TA  - Epidemiol Rev
JT  - Epidemiologic reviews
JID - 7910703
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - *Communicable Diseases
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - *Post-Exposure Prophylaxis
MH  - Treatment Outcome
MH  - *Vaccination
MH  - Young Adult
PMC - PMC7159179
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - immunization
OT  - immunotherapy
OT  - infectious disease
OT  - postexposure prophylaxis
OT  - vaccines
EDAT- 2019/11/05 06:00
MHDA- 2020/07/14 06:00
PMCR- 2020/11/04
CRDT- 2019/11/05 06:00
PHST- 2019/10/04 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2019/10/21 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/11/05 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/07/14 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/11/05 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/11/04 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 5610787 [pii]
AID - mxz014 [pii]
AID - 10.1093/epirev/mxz014 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Epidemiol Rev. 2019 Jan 31;41(1):13-27. doi: 10.1093/epirev/mxz014.