PMID- 31690398
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20201105
LR  - 20201105
IS  - 1539-6304 (Electronic)
IS  - 1088-5412 (Linking)
VI  - 40
IP  - 6
DP  - 2019 Nov 1
TI  - Drug allergy.
PG  - 474-479
LID - 10.2500/aap.2019.40.4275 [doi]
AB  - Drug allergy describes clinical adverse reactions that are proved or presumed to 
      be immunologically based. Allergic drug reactions do not resemble pharmacologic 
      actions of the incriminated drug and may occur at fractions of what would be the 
      therapeutic dosage. Allergic drug reactions are unpredictable; nevertheless, 
      there is increased risk of drug hypersensitivity in (1) patients with cystic 
      fibrosis who receive antibiotics; (2) patients with human immunodeficiency 
      virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) who receive 
      trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole or if human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B*5701+ and 
      receive the antiretroviral agent abacavir; (3) other genetically susceptible 
      populations, e.g., Han-Chinese with HLA-B*1502+ who develop Stevens-Johnson 
      syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis from carbamazepine, with HLA-B*5801+ who 
      are at increased risk for such reactions from allopurinol, those with HLA-A*32:01 
      and receive vancomycin and develop drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic 
      symptoms syndrome; and (4) patients with a history of compatible allergic 
      reactions to the same medication, similar class, or potentially unrelated 
      medication. Specific patient groups at higher risk for drug allergy include 
      patients with Epstein-Barr virus infection, chronic lymphatic leukemia, HIV/AIDS, 
      cystic fibrosis, patients with seizures who are being treated with anti-epileptic 
      medications, and patients with asthma (especially severe asthma) who are at 
      increased risk of anaphylaxis from any cause, including drugs, compared with 
      patients without asthma. In patients with a history of penicillin allergy, skin 
      testing helps clarify the current level of risk for anaphylaxis by using the 
      major (penicilloyl polylysine) and minor penicillin determinants in which 
      sensitivity is 99%. If penicilloyl polylysine and penicillin G are used for skin 
      testing, then the sensitivity is approximately 85-95%. When skin test results are 
      negative, graded challenges are performed to administer optimal or truly 
      essential antibiotics.
FAU - Greenberger, Paul A
AU  - Greenberger PA
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
PL  - United States
TA  - Allergy Asthma Proc
JT  - Allergy and asthma proceedings
JID - 9603640
SB  - IM
MH  - Bronchial Provocation Tests
MH  - Drug Hypersensitivity/*diagnosis
MH  - Genetic Predisposition to Disease
MH  - Humans
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - Skin Tests
EDAT- 2019/11/07 06:00
MHDA- 2020/11/06 06:00
CRDT- 2019/11/07 06:00
PHST- 2019/11/07 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2019/11/07 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/11/06 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.2500/aap.2019.40.4275 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Allergy Asthma Proc. 2019 Nov 1;40(6):474-479. doi: 10.2500/aap.2019.40.4275.