PMID- 31696802
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200616
LR  - 20200616
IS  - 1873-4286 (Electronic)
IS  - 1381-6128 (Linking)
VI  - 25
IP  - 36
DP  - 2019
TI  - Early Biomarkers for Severe Drug Hypersensitivity Reactions.
PG  - 3829-3839
LID - 10.2174/1381612825666191107105440 [doi]
AB  - Drug hypersensitivity reactions (DHRs) are typically classified into immediate 
      and delayed reactions based on the time interval between drug exposure and onset 
      of symptoms. Clinical manifestations range from mild to severe and 
      life-threatening reactions. The most severe clinical entities are anaphylaxis and 
      anaphylactic shock for immediate reactions, and severe cutaneous adverse 
      reactions such as Steven Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis for 
      delayed reactions. The diagnosis is complex and challenging, as drug provocation 
      tests and even skin tests can be very risky procedures, which makes them not 
      recommended. Therefore, it is necessary to search for useful early biomarkers to 
      manage the diagnosis of these reactions. These biomarkers could be useful to 
      determine the clinical entity, but not to identify the culprit drug. Some of the 
      currently available biomarkers are few genetic associations of drug allergy with 
      polymorphisms of human leukocyte antigen (HLA), the detection of inflammatory and 
      lipid mediators in serum, or the detection of cytokines, chemokines, and 
      cytotoxic markers in skin biopsies. In this literature review, it has been 
      summarize the immunological mechanisms involved in severe reactions, both 
      immediate and delayed, and different early biomarkers: those currently used for 
      the diagnosis of these reactions as well as possible early biomarkers that could 
      be useful with further studies to standardize their clinical use.
CI  - Copyright(c) Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at 
      epub@benthamscience.net.
FAU - Ariza, Adriana
AU  - Ariza A
AD  - Allergy Research Group, Instituto de Investigacion Biomedica de Malaga-IBIMA, 
      Malaga, Spain.
FAU - Torres, Maria J
AU  - Torres MJ
AD  - Allergy Research Group, Instituto de Investigacion Biomedica de Malaga-IBIMA, 
      Malaga, Spain.
AD  - Allergy Unit, Hospital Regional Universitario de Malaga, Malaga, Spain.
AD  - Nanostructures for Diagnosing and Treatment of Allergic Diseases Laboratory, 
      Andalusian Center for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology-BIONAND, Malaga, Spain.
FAU - Moreno-Aguilar, Carmen
AU  - Moreno-Aguilar C
AD  - Immunology and Allergy Unit, IMIBICHospital Universitario Reina Sofia, Cordoba, 
      Spain.
AD  - ARADyAL network, Health Institute Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
FAU - Fernandez-Santamaria, Ruben
AU  - Fernandez-Santamaria R
AD  - Allergy Research Group, Instituto de Investigacion Biomedica de Malaga-IBIMA, 
      Malaga, Spain.
FAU - Fernandez, Tahia D
AU  - Fernandez TD
AD  - Allergy Research Group, Instituto de Investigacion Biomedica de Malaga-IBIMA, 
      Malaga, Spain.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
PL  - United Arab Emirates
TA  - Curr Pharm Des
JT  - Current pharmaceutical design
JID - 9602487
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Biomarkers
MH  - Drug Hypersensitivity/*diagnosis
MH  - Humans
MH  - Skin
MH  - Skin Tests
MH  - Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/diagnosis
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Drug hypersensitivity reactions
OT  - anaphylaxis
OT  - biopsy biomarkers
OT  - early biomarkers
OT  - genetic biomarkers
OT  - immunological mechanisms
OT  - serum biomarkers
OT  - severe cutaneous allergic reactions.
EDAT- 2019/11/08 06:00
MHDA- 2020/06/17 06:00
CRDT- 2019/11/08 06:00
PHST- 2019/10/03 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/11/06 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/11/08 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/06/17 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/11/08 06:00 [entrez]
AID - CPD-EPUB-102161 [pii]
AID - 10.2174/1381612825666191107105440 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Curr Pharm Des. 2019;25(36):3829-3839. doi: 10.2174/1381612825666191107105440.