PMID- 31702811
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200406
LR  - 20211204
IS  - 1791-3004 (Electronic)
IS  - 1791-2997 (Print)
IS  - 1791-2997 (Linking)
VI  - 20
IP  - 6
DP  - 2019 Dec
TI  - Effect of electrical stimulation combined with diet therapy on insulin resistance 
      via mTOR signaling.
PG  - 5152-5162
LID - 10.3892/mmr.2019.10783 [doi]
AB  - Insulin resistance (IR) is the impaired insulin response that causes decreased 
      glucose tolerance. Electrical stimulation (ES) can improve insulin sensitivity in 
      the skeletal muscle. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain to be 
      elucidated. In the present study, the effect of ES and diet therapy on IR and the 
      role of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway in the improvement of IR 
      by ES were investigated. A total of 70 Sprague‑Dawley male rats were divided into 
      five groups: Normal (n=10), IR control (n=15), diet (n=15), ES (n=15) and ES + 
      diet (n=15) groups. An IR rat model was established by high‑fat and 
      high‑carbohydrate diet for 5 weeks and confirmed by measurement of fasting plasma 
      glucose (FPG), insulin, insulin sensitivity index (ISI) and IR index. ES on the 
      Zusanli (ST36), Sanyinjiao (SP 6) and Weiwanxiashu (EX‑B3) acupoints and the 
      low‑fat and low‑carbohydrate diet demonstrated protective effects. The body 
      weight, concentrations of FPG, insulin, triglycerides (TG), free fatty acids 
      (FFA) and total cholesterol (TC) of the rats were detected. Pathologic changes in 
      the liver and pancreatic tissues were assessed. Western blotting and 
      immunohistochemistry were performed to determine the role of PI3K/Akt/mTOR 
      signaling. Results demonstrated that ES and diet therapy significantly increased 
      ISI and reduced FPG, IR index, FFA, TG, TC and weight. Inflammatory cell 
      infiltration in the liver and pancreatic tissues was ameliorated and lipid 
      droplets and cavitation in hepatocyte were decreased after ES and diet therapy. 
      The administration of ES and diet therapy also enhanced glucose transport by the 
      upregulation of glucose transporter 4 and accelerated glycogen synthesis through 
      the suppression of glycogen synthase kinase 3alpha/beta via PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling. 
      Hence, the present results demonstrated that ES combined with diet therapy 
      improved IR through PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling. The proposed therapy was superior to 
      the method of diet alone.
FAU - Huang, Siqin
AU  - Huang S
AD  - Traditional Chinese Medicine College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 
      400016, P.R. China.
FAU - Tang, Nianzhen
AU  - Tang N
AD  - Traditional Chinese Medicine College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 
      400016, P.R. China.
FAU - Zhao, Hongdi
AU  - Zhao H
AD  - Traditional Chinese Medicine College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 
      400016, P.R. China.
FAU - Tang, Cheng-Lin
AU  - Tang CL
AD  - Traditional Chinese Medicine College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 
      400016, P.R. China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20191030
PL  - Greece
TA  - Mol Med Rep
JT  - Molecular medicine reports
JID - 101475259
RN  - 0 (Insulin)
RN  - 0 (Triglycerides)
RN  - 9005-79-2 (Glycogen)
RN  - EC 2.7.1.1 (mTOR protein, rat)
RN  - EC 2.7.11.1 (TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Body Weight
MH  - Diet Therapy/*methods
MH  - Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted
MH  - Diet, Fat-Restricted
MH  - Electric Stimulation/*methods
MH  - Glycogen/biosynthesis
MH  - Insulin/metabolism
MH  - Insulin Resistance/*physiology
MH  - Islets of Langerhans/metabolism/pathology
MH  - Liver/metabolism/pathology
MH  - Male
MH  - Muscles/metabolism/pathology
MH  - Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Sprague-Dawley
MH  - *Signal Transduction
MH  - TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/*metabolism
MH  - Triglycerides/metabolism
PMC - PMC6854593
EDAT- 2019/11/09 06:00
MHDA- 2020/04/09 06:00
PMCR- 2019/10/30
CRDT- 2019/11/09 06:00
PHST- 2019/05/27 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/09/18 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/11/09 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/04/09 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/11/09 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2019/10/30 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - mmr-20-06-5152 [pii]
AID - 10.3892/mmr.2019.10783 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Mol Med Rep. 2019 Dec;20(6):5152-5162. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10783. Epub 2019 Oct 
      30.