PMID- 31722014
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200925
LR  - 20200925
IS  - 1573-4935 (Electronic)
IS  - 0144-8463 (Print)
IS  - 0144-8463 (Linking)
VI  - 39
IP  - 11
DP  - 2019 Nov 29
TI  - Heat resistance and presence of genes encoding staphylococcal enterotoxins 
      evaluated by multiplex-PCR of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from pasteurized 
      camel milk.
LID - 10.1042/BSR20191225 [doi]
LID - BSR20191225
AB  - Milk pasteurization eliminates vegetative pathogenic microorganisms and reduces 
      microorganisms associated with spoilage. Camel milk is a well-accepted, 
      traditionally consumed food in Arab countries. The present study aimed to 
      investigate the microflora of pasteurized camel milk sold in Riyadh City, Saudi 
      Arabia. The heat resistance of the microflora was tested in culture medium and 
      lab-sterilized milk, and its composition was verified by multiplex polymerase 
      chain reaction (PCR) using specific primers. Further verification was performed 
      by using separate specific primers. The identified strain survived heat treatment 
      at 65, 72, 80, 85, and 90 degrees C for 30, 15, 10, 5, and 2 min, respectively. An 
      unanticipated result was obtained when an enterotoxin producing strain of 
      Staphylococcus aureus showed abnormal resistance to heat treatment. The 
      enterotoxin gene within the PCR fragment was identified as enterotoxin C by DNA 
      sequencing. During Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) analysis, the 
      isolated enterotoxin C genes showed >99% similarity to published database 
      sequences of the Staphylococcus aureus strain SAI48 staphylococcal enterotoxin C 
      variant v4 (sec) gene. The decimal reduction value (D-value) at 90 degrees C (D90) was 
      determined after 10 s. This is the first time to report this abnormally heat 
      resistant and enterotoxin-producing strain of Staphylococcus aureus. The use of 
      ultra-high temperatures (UHTs) is preferable for reducing or killing bacteria in 
      camel milk, especially if this problem is encountered in many camel milk 
      factories.
CI  - (c) 2019 The Author(s).
FAU - Yehia, Hany M
AU  - Yehia HM
AD  - Food Science and Nutrition Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, 
      King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
AD  - Food Science and Nutrition Department, Faculty of Home Economics, Helwan 
      University, Cairo, Egypt.
FAU - Ismail, Elsayed A
AU  - Ismail EA
AD  - Department of Dairy Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Benha 
      13518, Egypt.
FAU - Hassan, Zeinab K
AU  - Hassan ZK
AD  - Cancer Biology Department, Virology and Immunology Unit, National Cancer 
      Institute, Cairo University.
FAU - Al-Masoud, Abdulrahman H
AU  - Al-Masoud AH
AD  - Food Science and Nutrition Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, 
      King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
FAU - Al-Dagal, Mosffer M
AU  - Al-Dagal MM
AD  - Food Science and Nutrition Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, 
      King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - England
TA  - Biosci Rep
JT  - Bioscience reports
JID - 8102797
RN  - 0 (Enterotoxins)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Camelus/*microbiology
MH  - Enterotoxins/*genetics
MH  - Hot Temperature
MH  - Milk/*microbiology
MH  - Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods
MH  - Staphylococcal Infections/microbiology
MH  - Staphylococcus aureus/*genetics
PMC - PMC6851523
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - D-value
OT  - Staphylococcus aureus
OT  - enterotoxin C
OT  - heat resistant
OT  - pasteurized camel milk
COIS- The authors declare that there are no competing interests associated with the 
      manuscript.
EDAT- 2019/11/14 06:00
MHDA- 2020/09/26 06:00
PMCR- 2019/11/13
CRDT- 2019/11/14 06:00
PHST- 2019/05/08 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/10/03 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2019/10/15 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/11/14 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2019/11/14 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/09/26 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/11/13 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 220806 [pii]
AID - BSR20191225 [pii]
AID - 10.1042/BSR20191225 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Biosci Rep. 2019 Nov 29;39(11):BSR20191225. doi: 10.1042/BSR20191225.