PMID- 31734581 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20200603 LR - 20200603 IS - 1950-6007 (Electronic) IS - 0753-3322 (Linking) VI - 121 DP - 2020 Jan TI - Lycium barbarum L. leaves ameliorate type 2 diabetes in rats by modulating metabolic profiles and gut microbiota composition. PG - 109559 LID - S0753-3322(19)35182-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109559 [doi] AB - The leaf of Lycium barbarum L. (LLB) has been widely used as a tea, vegetable, and herb in China and Southeast Asia for centuries; this is because of the hypoglycemic effect it has, but the mechanism behind this effect is still unclear. In this study, a type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) rat model, induced by a high-fat diet combined with low-dose streptozotocin (STZ) injections, was adopted. The biochemical index was determined and the histopathological and metabolomics analyses of serum and urine and 16S rDNA sequencing of the gut microbiota were performed. We evaluated the hypoglycemic effects and the mechanism of action of the water extract from LLB, which contained neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, and rutin (up to 6.06%). The relationships between biochemical indexes, serum and urine metabolites, and gut microbiota were analyzed. The results showed that the LLB extract could noticeably modulate the levels of blood glucose and lipids in diabetic rats as well as repair injuries in livers, kidneys and pancreas. The changes in serum and urine metabolites caused by T2DM were reversed after the administration of LLB; these changes were found to mainly be correlated with the following pathways: nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism, arachidonic acid metabolism, and purine metabolism. Sequencing of the 16S rDNA from fecal samples showed that the LLB extract could reverse the gut microbiota dysbiosis that T2DM had induced. Therefore, we conclude that T2DM, which altered the metabolic profiles and gut microbiota, could be alleviated effectively using the LLB extract. CI - Copyright (c) 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.. All rights reserved. FAU - Zhao, Xue-Qin AU - Zhao XQ AD - Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resources Recycling Utilization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China. FAU - Guo, Sheng AU - Guo S AD - Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resources Recycling Utilization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China. Electronic address: guosheng@njucm.edu.cn. FAU - Lu, You-Yuan AU - Lu YY AD - Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resources Recycling Utilization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China. FAU - Hua, Yue AU - Hua Y AD - Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resources Recycling Utilization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China. FAU - Zhang, Fang AU - Zhang F AD - Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resources Recycling Utilization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China. FAU - Yan, Hui AU - Yan H AD - Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resources Recycling Utilization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China. FAU - Shang, Er-Xin AU - Shang EX AD - Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resources Recycling Utilization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China. FAU - Wang, Han-Qing AU - Wang HQ AD - School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750021, China. FAU - Zhang, Wen-Hua AU - Zhang WH AD - Bairuiyuan Goqi.Corp., Yinchuan 750002, China. FAU - Duan, Jin-Ao AU - Duan JA AD - Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resources Recycling Utilization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China. Electronic address: dja@njucm.edu.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20191114 PL - France TA - Biomed Pharmacother JT - Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie JID - 8213295 RN - 0 (Blood Glucose) RN - 0 (Hypoglycemic Agents) RN - 0 (Plant Extracts) RN - 5W494URQ81 (Streptozocin) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Blood Glucose/drug effects MH - Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/*drug therapy MH - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*drug therapy MH - Diet, High-Fat MH - Gastrointestinal Microbiome MH - Hypoglycemic Agents/pharmacology MH - Lycium/*chemistry MH - Male MH - Metabolomics MH - Plant Extracts/*pharmacology MH - Plant Leaves MH - Rats MH - Streptozocin OTO - NOTNLM OT - Gut microbiota OT - Leaves of Lyciumbarbarum L. OT - Metabolomics OT - Type 2 diabetes mellitus EDAT- 2019/11/18 06:00 MHDA- 2020/06/04 06:00 CRDT- 2019/11/18 06:00 PHST- 2019/09/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/10/08 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2019/10/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/11/18 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/06/04 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2019/11/18 06:00 [entrez] AID - S0753-3322(19)35182-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109559 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Biomed Pharmacother. 2020 Jan;121:109559. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109559. Epub 2019 Nov 14.