PMID- 31749802 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20201116 LR - 20201116 IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 10 DP - 2019 TI - Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor-Primed Unmanipulated Haploidentical Blood and Marrow Transplantation. PG - 2516 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02516 [doi] LID - 2516 AB - Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), a growth factor for neutrophils, has been successfully used for stem cell mobilization and T cell immune tolerance induction. The establishment of G-CSF-primed unmanipulated haploidentical blood and marrow transplantation (The Beijing Protocol) has achieved outcomes for the treatment of acute leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, and severe aplastic anemia with haploidentical allografts comparable to those of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched sibling donor transplantation. Currently, G-CSF-mobilized bone marrow and/or peripheral blood stem cell sources have been widely used in unmanipulated haploidentical transplant settings. In this review, we summarize the roles of G-CSF in inducing T cell immune tolerance. We discuss the recent advances in the Beijing Protocol, mainly focusing on strategies that have been used to improve transplant outcomes in cases of poor graft function, virus infections, and relapse. The application of G-CSF-primed allografts in other haploidentical modalities is also discussed. CI - Copyright (c) 2019 Chang, Zhao and Huang. FAU - Chang, Ying-Jun AU - Chang YJ AD - Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Peking University Institute of Hematology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China. FAU - Zhao, Xiang-Yu AU - Zhao XY AD - Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Peking University Institute of Hematology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China. FAU - Huang, Xiao-Jun AU - Huang XJ AD - Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Peking University Institute of Hematology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China. AD - Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20191101 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 RN - 143011-72-7 (Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - *Bone Marrow Transplantation MH - Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor/*immunology MH - Haplotypes MH - *Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation MH - Humans MH - Immune Tolerance MH - T-Lymphocytes/immunology PMC - PMC6842971 OTO - NOTNLM OT - granulocyte colony-stimulating factor OT - haploidentical stem cell transplantation OT - poor graft function OT - relapse OT - virus infections EDAT- 2019/11/22 06:00 MHDA- 2020/11/18 06:00 PMCR- 2019/01/01 CRDT- 2019/11/22 06:00 PHST- 2019/05/31 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/10/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2019/11/22 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2019/11/22 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/11/18 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2019/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02516 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2019 Nov 1;10:2516. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02516. eCollection 2019.