PMID- 31776901
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200324
LR  - 20200324
IS  - 1614-7499 (Electronic)
IS  - 0944-1344 (Linking)
VI  - 27
IP  - 2
DP  - 2020 Jan
TI  - Environmental impacts of chemical and microbial grouting.
PG  - 2264-2272
LID - 10.1007/s11356-019-06614-9 [doi]
AB  - Climate change is considered the major environmental challenge for the world. 
      Cement and lime production is a highly energy-consuming, heavily polluting 
      process, and the CO(2) emissions are very substantial. Alkaline environment, high 
      temperature, and long processing time lead the researchers to work on alternative 
      soil improvements. Microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP) has been 
      introduced as a technique for modification of geotechnical properties of sand. 
      The main purpose of the present study was to focus on the efficiency and 
      environmental impact of conventional and microbial grouting. Samples were treated 
      with three chemical stabilizers, namely Portland cement, lime, and cement and 
      lime. The stabilizers were injected with flow gravity and constant head which are 
      almost the same as microbial grouting. Then, the results of conventional grouting 
      were compared with the results of biocement samples which were gathered from 
      previous studies to discuss the efficiency and environmental impacts. The results 
      for treated samples were discussed and compared based on 1 m(3) of soil and a 
      final target of 700 kPa. It was found that in order to obtain the same 
      compressive strength, the cost and calcium carbonate consumption of the cement 
      injection method were 2.5 times more than those of the microbial method. 
      Biocementation has some advantages over existing technologies, such as less 
      calcium usage in the same unconfined compressive strength (UCS).
FAU - Naeimi, Maryam
AU  - Naeimi M
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6191-0110
AD  - Research Institute of Forests and Rangeland, AREEO, Tehran, Iran. 
      naeimi@rifr-ac.ir.
FAU - Haddad, Abdolhosein
AU  - Haddad A
AD  - Civil Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20191127
PL  - Germany
TA  - Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
JT  - Environmental science and pollution research international
JID - 9441769
RN  - 0 (Soil)
RN  - H0G9379FGK (Calcium Carbonate)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Calcium Carbonate
MH  - Compressive Strength
MH  - Construction Materials/statistics & numerical data
MH  - *Soil
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Calcium usage
OT  - Conventional grouting
OT  - Efficiency
OT  - Environmental impacts
OT  - Microbial grouting
OT  - Soil improvement
EDAT- 2019/11/30 06:00
MHDA- 2020/03/25 06:00
CRDT- 2019/11/29 06:00
PHST- 2019/05/18 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/09/25 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/11/30 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/03/25 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/11/29 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1007/s11356-019-06614-9 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s11356-019-06614-9 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 Jan;27(2):2264-2272. doi: 
      10.1007/s11356-019-06614-9. Epub 2019 Nov 27.