PMID- 31783445
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200213
LR  - 20200213
IS  - 1879-1026 (Electronic)
IS  - 0048-9697 (Linking)
VI  - 698
DP  - 2020 Jan 1
TI  - Adaptive co-management model for the East Kolkata wetlands: A sustainable 
      solution to manage the rapid ecological transformation of a peri-urban landscape.
PG  - 134203
LID - S0048-9697(19)34180-4 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134203 [doi]
AB  - Human-induced land use changes like agriculture and urban development occur 
      commonly at the cost of natural wetlands, which require immediate attention and 
      sustained efforts from urban planners and concerned governments. In view of the 
      East Kolkata Wetlands (EKW), India, this paper has examined the trend, causes, 
      extent and impacts of landscape transformation during the last few decades. Hence 
      we aim to present a review of several studies in and around EKW and suggests a 
      sustainable model for EKW. This 'Ramsar site of International Importance' is one 
      of the world's largest wastewater-fed aquaculture systems where the city sewage 
      is recycled for pisciculture and agriculture, and acts as flood resistance for 
      the city of Kolkata. Rapid encroachment in the EKW due to unplanned development 
      has caused various environmental, social and economic impacts. The key ecological 
      impacts found in the study included loss of faunal and floral diversity, 
      eco-toxicological impacts, etc. In terms of biodiversity loss, while the number 
      of bird species in the EKW decreased from 248 in 1960s to 72 in 2005, about 59% 
      fish species are near threats, vulnerable and endangered. Reported persistent 
      organic pollutants (POPs) around the EKW region were found to pose deleterious 
      impact on environment and ambient biota. Several studies have evidenced that the 
      open burning of solid waste in the dumping ground of Dhapa is a potential source 
      of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polychlorinated dibenzo dioxin/furans 
      (PCDD/Fs). Further the ecological transformation of the EKW focussing on policy 
      development and regulatory compliance issues has been studied in this paper. The 
      aspects of encroachment and wetland shrinkage triggered by economic drivers like 
      urban sprawl have been analyzed. The paper presents adaptive co-management as the 
      future roadmap for action to curb further degradation of the wetlands, and adopt 
      an integrated approach of environmental, political, physical, economic and 
      institutional aspects. It is envisaged that the adaptive co-management model will 
      contribute to long-term sustainable sustenance of this precious ecosystem.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2019. Published by Elsevier B.V.
FAU - Roy-Basu, Avanti
AU  - Roy-Basu A
AD  - Mu Gamma Consultants Pvt. Ltd., Gurugram, India.
FAU - Bharat, Girija K
AU  - Bharat GK
AD  - Mu Gamma Consultants Pvt. Ltd., Gurugram, India. Electronic address: 
      gbharat@mugammaconsultants.com.
FAU - Chakraborty, Paromita
AU  - Chakraborty P
AD  - SRM Research Institute, Department of Civil Engineering, SRM Institute of Science 
      and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India.
FAU - Sarkar, S K
AU  - Sarkar SK
AD  - The Energy and Resources Institute, New Delhi, India.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20190830
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Sci Total Environ
JT  - The Science of the total environment
JID - 0330500
SB  - IM
MH  - Conservation of Natural Resources/*methods
MH  - *Environmental Monitoring
MH  - India
MH  - *Wetlands
EDAT- 2019/12/01 06:00
MHDA- 2020/02/14 06:00
CRDT- 2019/12/01 06:00
PHST- 2019/02/28 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/08/23 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2019/08/29 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/12/01 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2019/12/01 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/02/14 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0048-9697(19)34180-4 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134203 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Sci Total Environ. 2020 Jan 1;698:134203. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134203. 
      Epub 2019 Aug 30.