PMID- 31791716
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210607
LR  - 20210607
IS  - 1933-2874 (Print)
IS  - 1876-4789 (Linking)
VI  - 14
IP  - 1
DP  - 2020 Jan-Feb
TI  - High-density lipoprotein cholesterol efflux capacity is not associated with 
      atherosclerosis and prevalence of cardiovascular outcome: The CODAM study.
PG  - 122-132.e4
LID - S1933-2874(19)30319-8 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.jacl.2019.10.012 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Cholesterol Efflux Capacity (CEC) is considered to be a key 
      atheroprotective property of high-density lipoproteins (HDL). However, the role 
      of HDL-CEC in atherosclerosis and cardiovascular (CV) risk is still 
      controversial, and data in individuals with diabetes are limited. OBJECTIVE: In 
      this study, we have investigated the relationship of CEC and other HDL 
      characteristics with clinical and subclinical atherosclerosis in subjects with 
      elevated cardiovascular diseases (CVD) risk and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). 
      METHODS: Using multiple linear regression analyses, we determined the 
      relationship of HDL-CEC with carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT, Z-Score), an 
      endothelial dysfunction (EnD) Score (Z-Score), prevalent CVD (n = 150 cases) and 
      history of CV events (CVE, n = 85 cases) in an observational cohort (CODAM, 
      n = 574, 59.6 +/- 0.3 yr, 61.3% men, 24.4% T2DM). Stratified analyses were 
      performed to determine if the associations differed between individuals with 
      normal glucose metabolism (NGM) and those with disturbed glucose metabolism. 
      RESULTS: HDL-CEC was not associated with either marker of atherosclerosis (cIMT, 
      EnD Score) nor with CVD or CVE. In contrast, other HDL characteristics that is, 
      HDL-Cholesterol (HDL-C, Z-Score), apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I, Z-Score), HDL size 
      (Z-Score) and HDL particle number (HDL-P, Z-Score) were inversely and 
      significantly associated with the EnD Score (s -0.226 to -0.097, P < .05) and CVE 
      (ORs 0.61 to 0.68, P < .05). In stratified analyses, HDL size and HDL-P were 
      significantly associated with the EnD Score in individuals with NGM 
      (P(interaction) .039 and .005, respectively), but not in those with 
      (pre)diabetes. HDL-C and apoA-I were inversely associated with prevalent CVD in 
      individuals with (pre)diabetes (P(interaction) = .074 and .034, respectively), 
      but not in those with NGM. CONCLUSION: HDL-CEC is not associated with clinical or 
      subclinical atherosclerosis, neither in the whole population nor in individuals 
      with (pre)diabetes, while other HDL characteristics show atheroprotective 
      associations. The atheroprotective associations of HDL-size and HDL-P are lost in 
      (pre)diabetes, while higher concentrations of HDL-C and apoA-I are associated 
      with a lower prevalence of CVD in (pre)diabetes.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2020 National Lipid Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All 
      rights reserved.
FAU - Josefs, Tatjana
AU  - Josefs T
AD  - Department of Internal Medicine and CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, 
      Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Division of 
      Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New 
      York, New York.
FAU - Wouters, Kristiaan
AU  - Wouters K
AD  - Department of Internal Medicine and CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, 
      Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
FAU - Tietge, Uwe J F
AU  - Tietge UJF
AD  - Division of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska 
      Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Clinical Chemistry, Karolinska University 
      Laboratory, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
FAU - Annema, Wijtske
AU  - Annema W
AD  - Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital of Zurich and University of 
      Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
FAU - Dullaart, Robin P F
AU  - Dullaart RPF
AD  - Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center 
      Groningen, The Netherlands.
FAU - Vaisar, Tomas
AU  - Vaisar T
AD  - Department of Medicine, UW Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington, 
      Seattle, Washington.
FAU - Arts, Ilja C W
AU  - Arts ICW
AD  - Maastricht Centre for Systems Biology (MaCSBio), Department of Epidemiology, and 
      CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Centre, 
      Maastricht, The Netherlands.
FAU - van der Kallen, Carla J H
AU  - van der Kallen CJH
AD  - Department of Internal Medicine and CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, 
      Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
FAU - Stehouwer, Coen D A
AU  - Stehouwer CDA
AD  - Department of Internal Medicine and CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, 
      Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
FAU - Schalkwijk, Casper G
AU  - Schalkwijk CG
AD  - Department of Internal Medicine and CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, 
      Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
FAU - Goldberg, Ira J
AU  - Goldberg IJ
AD  - Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, New 
      York University School of Medicine, New York, New York.
FAU - Fisher, Edward A
AU  - Fisher EA
AD  - Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, New York University School of 
      Medicine, New York, New York.
FAU - van Greevenbroek, Marleen M J
AU  - van Greevenbroek MMJ
AD  - Department of Internal Medicine and CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, 
      Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands. Electronic 
      address: m.vangreevenbroek@maastrichtuniversity.nl.
LA  - eng
GR  - P01 HL092969/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P01 HL151328/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 HL073029/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 HL129433/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20191031
PL  - United States
TA  - J Clin Lipidol
JT  - Journal of clinical lipidology
JID - 101300157
RN  - 0 (Cholesterol, HDL)
SB  - IM
MH  - Aged
MH  - Atherosclerosis/blood/*genetics/pathology
MH  - Cardiovascular Diseases/blood/*genetics/pathology
MH  - Cholesterol, HDL/*blood
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood/*genetics/pathology
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
PMC - PMC8176544
MID - NIHMS1693349
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Atherosclerosis
OT  - Cardiovascular diseases
OT  - Cholesterol efflux capacity
OT  - High-density lipoprotein
COIS- Conflict of interest: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2019/12/04 06:00
MHDA- 2021/06/08 06:00
PMCR- 2021/06/04
CRDT- 2019/12/04 06:00
PHST- 2019/06/27 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/10/19 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2019/10/23 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/12/04 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/06/08 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/12/04 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/06/04 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S1933-2874(19)30319-8 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.jacl.2019.10.012 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Clin Lipidol. 2020 Jan-Feb;14(1):122-132.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.jacl.2019.10.012. 
      Epub 2019 Oct 31.