PMID- 31809367
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210630
LR  - 20231113
IS  - 1536-5166 (Electronic)
IS  - 1070-8022 (Print)
IS  - 1070-8022 (Linking)
VI  - 40
IP  - 2
DP  - 2020 Jun
TI  - High- and Low-Contrast Letter Acuity Perception Matures With Age in Normally 
      Sighted Children.
PG  - 148-156
LID - 10.1097/WNO.0000000000000821 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: High-contrast visual acuity (HCVA) changes with age, yet little is 
      known about pediatric-specific age- and sex-normative values for low-contrast 
      letter acuity (LCLA). We define maturational changes in monocular and binocular 
      HCVA and LCLA in childhood and adolescence. METHODS: Normally sighted youth (ages 
      5-20 years, without neurologic or ophthalmologic disease and best-corrected HCVA 
      of 20/25 or better in each eye) were recruited. Mean monocular and binocular 
      scores using Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (for HCVA) and 2.5% and 
      1.25% Sloan (for LCLA) charts and the magnitude of binocular summation were 
      calculated using 2-year bins. Relationships between scores and age were explored 
      using scatterplots with Locally Weighted Scatterplot Smoothing (LOWESS) and 
      analysis of variance that accounts for intereye correlation, followed by test of 
      linear trend for age effect. RESULTS: Among 101 (202 eyes) healthy participants 
      (mean age 13 years, 42% males), monocular and binocular scores varied by age, 
      with highest mean scores achieved in the 13 to 14-year age group for both HCVA 
      and LCLA. Between the ages of 5 and 14.9 years, monocular scores increased 
      linearly with age (0.76 letter/year for HCVA, 1.11 letters/year for 2.5% LCLA, 
      and 0.97 letter/year for 1.25% LCLA; all P < 0.0001). Binocular HCVA scores also 
      increased with age between 5 and 14.9 years (0.71 letters/year, P < 0.0001). The 
      magnitude of binocular summation for HCVA or LCLA did not change with age. 
      CONCLUSIONS: HCVA and LCLA abilities mature into adolescence, peak between 13 and 
      14.9 years of age, and then plateau into adulthood. Evaluation of patients with 
      visual deficits should consider age-expected normal visual acuity.
FAU - Waldman, Amy T
AU  - Waldman AT
AD  - Division of Child Neurology (ATW, AML, GWL, BLB), Children's Hospital of 
      Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Neurology (ATW, RAA, GTL, 
      BLB), Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 
      Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Pediatrics (ATW, BLB), Perelman School 
      of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; 
      Neuro-ophthalmology Service (RAA, GTL), Division of Ophthalmology, Children's 
      Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and Department of 
      Ophthalmology (RAA, GTL, MGM, GY), Perelman School of Medicine at the University 
      of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
FAU - Lavery, Amy M
AU  - Lavery AM
FAU - Liu, Geraldine W
AU  - Liu GW
FAU - Avery, Robert A
AU  - Avery RA
FAU - Liu, Grant T
AU  - Liu GT
FAU - Maguire, Maureen G
AU  - Maguire MG
FAU - Ying, Gui-Shuang
AU  - Ying GS
FAU - Banwell, Brenda L
AU  - Banwell BL
LA  - eng
GR  - K23 EY022673/EY/NEI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - K23 NS069806/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P30 EY001583/EY/NEI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 NS071463/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PL  - United States
TA  - J Neuroophthalmol
JT  - Journal of neuro-ophthalmology : the official journal of the North American 
      Neuro-Ophthalmology Society
JID - 9431308
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Aging/*physiology
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Reference Values
MH  - Vision, Binocular/*physiology
MH  - Vision, Monocular/*physiology
MH  - Visual Acuity/*physiology
MH  - Visual Perception/*physiology
MH  - Young Adult
PMC - PMC10637318
MID - NIHMS1780814
EDAT- 2019/12/07 06:00
MHDA- 2021/07/01 06:00
PMCR- 2023/11/10
CRDT- 2019/12/07 06:00
PHST- 2019/12/07 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/07/01 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/12/07 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2023/11/10 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 00041327-202006000-00003 [pii]
AID - 10.1097/WNO.0000000000000821 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Neuroophthalmol. 2020 Jun;40(2):148-156. doi: 10.1097/WNO.0000000000000821.