PMID- 31823790
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200130
LR  - 20200130
IS  - 1550-2783 (Electronic)
IS  - 1550-2783 (Linking)
VI  - 16
IP  - 1
DP  - 2019 Dec 10
TI  - Sex differences in dietary intake in British Army recruits undergoing phase one 
      training.
PG  - 59
LID - 10.1186/s12970-019-0327-2 [doi]
LID - 59
AB  - BACKGROUND: British Army Phase One training exposes men and women to challenging 
      distances of 13.5 km.d(- 1) vs. 11.8 km.d(- 1) and energy expenditures of 
      ~ 4000 kcal.d(- 1) and ~ 3000 kcal.d(- 1), respectively. As such, it is essential 
      that adequate nutrition is provided to support training demands. However, to 
      date, there is a paucity of data on habitual dietary intake of British Army 
      recruits. The aims of this study were to: (i) compare habitual dietary intake in 
      British Army recruits undergoing Phase One training to Military Dietary Reference 
      Values (MDRVs), and (ii) establish if there was a relative sex difference in 
      dietary intake between men and women. METHOD: Researcher led weighed food records 
      and food diaries were used to assess dietary intake in twenty-eight women (age 
      21.4 +/- 3.0 yrs., height: 163.7 +/- 5.0 cm, body mass 65.0 +/- 6.7 kg), and seventeen 
      men (age 20.4 +/- 2.3 yrs., height: 178.0 +/- 7.9 cm, body mass 74.6 +/- 8.1 kg) at the 
      Army Training Centre, Pirbright for 8-days in week ten of training. Macro and 
      micronutrient content were estimated using dietary analysis software (Nutritics, 
      Dublin) and assessed via an independent sample t-test to establish if there was a 
      sex difference in daily energy, macro or micronutrient intakes. RESULTS: 
      Estimated daily energy intake was less than the MDRV for both men and women, with 
      men consuming a greater amount of energy compared with women (2846 +/- 573 vs. 
      2207 +/- 585 kcal.day(- 1), p < 0.001). Both sexes under consumed carbohydrate 
      (CHO) when data was expressed relative to body mass with men consuming a greater 
      amount than women (4.8 +/- 1.3 vs. 3.8 +/- 1.4 g.kg(- 1).day(- 1), p = 0.025, 
      ES = 0.74). Both sexes also failed to meet MDRVs for protein intake with men 
      consuming more than women (1.5 +/- 0.3 vs. 1.3 +/- 0.3 g.kg(- 1).day(- 1), p > 0.030, 
      ES = 0.67). There were no differences in dietary fat intake between men and women 
      (1.5 +/- 0.2 vs. 1.5 +/- 0.5 g.kg(- 1).day(- 1), p = 0.483, ES = 0.00). CONCLUSIONS: 
      Daily EI in men and women in Phase One training does not meet MDRVs. 
      Interventions to increase macronutrient intakes should be considered along with 
      research investigating the potential benefits for increasing different 
      macronutrient intakes on training adaptations.
FAU - Chapman, Shaun
AU  - Chapman S
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1723-7288
AD  - HQ Army Recruiting and Initial Training Command, UK Ministry of Defence, Upavon, 
      UK. shaun.chapman101@mod.gov.uk.
AD  - Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, School of Psychology and Sport 
      Science, Anglia Ruskin University, East Road, Cambridge, CB1 1PT, England. 
      shaun.chapman101@mod.gov.uk.
FAU - Roberts, Justin
AU  - Roberts J
AD  - Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, School of Psychology and Sport 
      Science, Anglia Ruskin University, East Road, Cambridge, CB1 1PT, England.
FAU - Smith, Lee
AU  - Smith L
AD  - Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, School of Psychology and Sport 
      Science, Anglia Ruskin University, East Road, Cambridge, CB1 1PT, England.
FAU - Rawcliffe, Alex
AU  - Rawcliffe A
AD  - HQ Army Recruiting and Initial Training Command, UK Ministry of Defence, Upavon, 
      UK.
FAU - Izard, Rachel
AU  - Izard R
AD  - HQ Army Recruiting and Initial Training Command, UK Ministry of Defence, Upavon, 
      UK.
LA  - eng
GR  - NA/Ministry of Defence/
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Observational Study
DEP - 20191210
PL  - United States
TA  - J Int Soc Sports Nutr
JT  - Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition
JID - 101234168
RN  - 0 (Dietary Carbohydrates)
RN  - 0 (Dietary Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Micronutrients)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Cross-Sectional Studies
MH  - *Diet
MH  - Diet Records
MH  - Dietary Carbohydrates/administration & dosage
MH  - Dietary Proteins/administration & dosage
MH  - Energy Intake
MH  - Energy Metabolism
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Micronutrients/administration & dosage
MH  - *Military Personnel
MH  - Physical Conditioning, Human/*physiology
MH  - Recommended Dietary Allowances
MH  - *Sex Factors
MH  - Young Adult
PMC - PMC6905050
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Dietary intake
OT  - Exercise training
OT  - Military
OT  - Sex differences
COIS- There are no competing interests from the authors.
EDAT- 2019/12/12 06:00
MHDA- 2020/01/31 06:00
PMCR- 2019/12/10
CRDT- 2019/12/12 06:00
PHST- 2019/08/30 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/11/26 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/12/12 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2019/12/12 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/01/31 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/12/10 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1186/s12970-019-0327-2 [pii]
AID - 327 [pii]
AID - 10.1186/s12970-019-0327-2 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2019 Dec 10;16(1):59. doi: 10.1186/s12970-019-0327-2.