PMID- 31827443
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20201001
IS  - 1664-042X (Print)
IS  - 1664-042X (Electronic)
IS  - 1664-042X (Linking)
VI  - 10
DP  - 2019
TI  - Non-synaptic Plasticity in Leech Touch Cells.
PG  - 1444
LID - 10.3389/fphys.2019.01444 [doi]
LID - 1444
AB  - The role of Na(+)/K(+)-pumps in activity-dependent synaptic plasticity has been 
      described in both vertebrates and invertebrates. Here, we provide evidence that 
      the Na(+)/K(+)-pump is also involved in activity-dependent non-synaptic cellular 
      plasticity in leech sensory neurons. We show that the resting membrane potential 
      (RMP) of T cells hyperpolarizes in response to repeated somatic current 
      injection, while at the same time their spike count (SC) and the input resistance 
      (IR) increase. Our Hodgkin-Huxley-type neuron model, adjusted to physiological T 
      cell properties, suggests that repetitive action potential discharges lead to 
      increased Na(+)/K(+)-pump activity, which then hyperpolarizes the RMP. In 
      consequence, a slow, non-inactivating current decreases, which is presumably 
      mediated by voltage-dependent, low-threshold potassium channels. Closing of these 
      putative M-type channels due to hyperpolarization of the resting potential 
      increases the IR of the cell, leading to a larger number of spikes. By this 
      mechanism, the response behavior switches from rapidly to slowly adapting 
      spiking. These changes in spiking behavior also effect other T cells on the same 
      side of the ganglion, which are connected via a combination of electrical and 
      chemical synapses. An increased SC in the presynaptic T cell results in larger 
      postsynaptic responses (PRs) in the other T cells. However, when the number of 
      elicited presynaptic spikes is kept constant, the PR does not change. These 
      results suggest that T cells change their responses in an activity-dependent 
      manner through non-synaptic rather than synaptic plasticity. These changes might 
      act as a gain-control mechanism. Depending on the previous activity, this gain 
      could scale the relative impacts of synaptic inputs from other mechanoreceptors, 
      versus the spike responses to tactile skin stimulation. This multi-tasking 
      ability, and its flexible adaptation to previous activity, might make the T cell 
      a key player in a preparatory network, enabling the leech to perform fast 
      behavioral reactions to skin stimulation.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2019 Meiser, Ashida and Kretzberg.
FAU - Meiser, Sonja
AU  - Meiser S
AD  - Computational Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, Faculty VI, Carl von 
      Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.
FAU - Ashida, Go
AU  - Ashida G
AD  - Computational Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, Faculty VI, Carl von 
      Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.
AD  - Cluster of Excellence Hearing4all, Department of Neuroscience, Faculty VI, Carl 
      von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.
FAU - Kretzberg, Jutta
AU  - Kretzberg J
AD  - Computational Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, Faculty VI, Carl von 
      Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.
AD  - Cluster of Excellence Hearing4all, Department of Neuroscience, Faculty VI, Carl 
      von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20191127
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Front Physiol
JT  - Frontiers in physiology
JID - 101549006
PMC - PMC6890822
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Hodgkin-Huxley neuron model
OT  - M-type K+ current
OT  - input resistance
OT  - invertebrate
OT  - mechanoreceptor
OT  - resting potential
OT  - sodium-potassium pump
OT  - spike count
EDAT- 2019/12/13 06:00
MHDA- 2019/12/13 06:01
PMCR- 2019/11/27
CRDT- 2019/12/13 06:00
PHST- 2019/05/31 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/11/08 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/12/13 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2019/12/13 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2019/12/13 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2019/11/27 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.3389/fphys.2019.01444 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Physiol. 2019 Nov 27;10:1444. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01444. eCollection 
      2019.