PMID- 31841897
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200326
LR  - 20200326
IS  - 1090-2414 (Electronic)
IS  - 0147-6513 (Linking)
VI  - 190
DP  - 2020 Mar 1
TI  - Ammonia inhalation impaired immune function and mitochondrial integrity in the 
      broilers bursa of fabricius: Implication of oxidative stress and apoptosis.
PG  - 110078
LID - S0147-6513(19)31409-5 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.110078 [doi]
AB  - Ammonia (NH(3)) is considered as environmental pollutant and toxic agent for 
      animals and humans including poultry. Previous reports demonstrated that NH(3) 
      suppressed broilers immunity. However, the harmful effects of NH(3) on broilers 
      bursa of fabricius (BF) is still unknown. Functionally, apoptosis is very 
      important for many physiological processes including homeostasis of lymphocyte 
      population. Therefore, the present study was aimed to investigate the underlying 
      mechanisms of NH(3) toxicity in the broilers BF. Histological observation showed 
      lymphocyte accumulation, cavities and increased interstitial cells in BF. 
      Ultrastructural observation indicated mitochondrial vacuoles, deformation and 
      disappearance of mitochondrial membranes. Oxidative stress markers (CAT, MDA, 
      H(2)O(2), GGT, GSH-Px and GSH) showed that NH(3)-induced oxidative stress in BF. 
      Meanwhile, Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling 
      (TUNEL) assay revealed increased apoptotic cells. In addition, the mRNA and 
      protein expression of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), mitochondrial fission 
      factor (Mff), mitofusin 1 and 2 (Mfn1 and Mfn2), optic atrophy 1 (Opa1) indicated 
      imbalance between mitochondrial inner and outer membrane and results in 
      mitochondrial dysfunction in broilers BF. The mRNA and protein expression of 
      apoptosis-related genes including Caspase-3, Caspase-9, Caspase-8, Cytochrome-C 
      (Cyt-C), p53, B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax) were 
      significantly altered in broilers BF. Conclusively, these results displayed that 
      excessive NH(3) causes BF damage and mitochondrial dysfunction through oxidative 
      stress and apoptosis in BF and could affect immune function of BF. These findings 
      provide possible therapeutic targets to prevent NH(3) induced toxicity in the BF 
      of broilers.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Shah, Syed Waqas Ali
AU  - Shah SWA
AD  - College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, 
      Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
FAU - Chen, Jianqing
AU  - Chen J
AD  - College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, 
      Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
FAU - Han, Qi
AU  - Han Q
AD  - College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, 
      Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
FAU - Xu, Yanmin
AU  - Xu Y
AD  - College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, 
      Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
FAU - Ishfaq, Muhammad
AU  - Ishfaq M
AD  - Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical 
      Development, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 
      600 Chang jiang Road, Xiang fang District, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of 
      China.
FAU - Teng, Xiaohua
AU  - Teng X
AD  - College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, 
      Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: 
      tengxiaohua@neau.edu.cn.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20191213
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Ecotoxicol Environ Saf
JT  - Ecotoxicology and environmental safety
JID - 7805381
RN  - 0 (Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Mitochondrial Proteins)
RN  - 7664-41-7 (Ammonia)
SB  - IM
MH  - Ammonia/*toxicity
MH  - Animals
MH  - Apoptosis/drug effects
MH  - Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Bursa of Fabricius/*drug effects/immunology/metabolism
MH  - Chickens
MH  - Lymphocytes/drug effects/immunology
MH  - Mitochondria/*drug effects/ultrastructure
MH  - Mitochondrial Proteins/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Oxidative Stress/drug effects
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Ammonia
OT  - Apoptosis
OT  - Broilers
OT  - Bursa of fabricius
OT  - Mitochondrial dysfunction
EDAT- 2019/12/17 06:00
MHDA- 2020/03/27 06:00
CRDT- 2019/12/17 06:00
PHST- 2019/08/08 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/11/29 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2019/12/09 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/12/17 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/03/27 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/12/17 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0147-6513(19)31409-5 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.110078 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2020 Mar 1;190:110078. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.110078. 
      Epub 2019 Dec 13.