PMID- 31859848
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200203
LR  - 20200203
IS  - 1678-9946 (Electronic)
IS  - 0036-4665 (Print)
IS  - 0036-4665 (Linking)
VI  - 61
DP  - 2019
TI  - Antiretroviral therapy-induced paradoxical worsening of previously healed 
      Mycobacterium haemophilum cutaneous lesions in advanced HIV infection.
PG  - e71
LID - S0036-46652019005000512 [pii]
LID - 10.1590/S1678-9946201961071 [doi]
LID - e71
AB  - Mycobacterium haemophilum is a nontuberculous mycobacterium that causes localized 
      or disseminated disease, mainly in immunocompromised hosts. We report the case of 
      a 35-year-old HIV-infected woman who presented with several enlarging cutaneous 
      lesions over the arms and legs. Histopathological examination revealed the 
      diagnosis of a cutaneous mycobacterial disease. Mycobacterial analyses unveiled 
      M. haemophilum infection. Six months after completion of a successful 
      antimycobacterial treatment, she developed an immune reconstitution inflammatory 
      syndrome (IRIS). This paradoxical relapse presented as tenderness, redness and 
      swelling at the precise sites of the healed lesions and took place in the setting 
      of significant recovery of the CD4 cell count (from 05 to 318 cells/mm 3 ). 
      Microbiological analyses of these worsening lesions were negative, and they 
      spontaneously remitted without the initiation of a novel antimycobacterial 
      treatment cycle. M. haemophilum infection should always be considered as a cause 
      of skin lesions in immunocompromised subjects. Physicians should be aware of the 
      possibility of IRIS as a complication of successful antiretroviral therapy in 
      HIV-infected patients with M. haemophilum infection.
FAU - Eyer-Silva, Walter de Araujo
AU  - Eyer-Silva WA
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6386-666X
AD  - Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Hospital Universitario Gaffree 
      e Guinle, Centro de Ciencias Biologicas e da Saude, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de 
      Janeiro, Brazil.
FAU - Almeida, Marina Rodrigues de
AU  - Almeida MR
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1000-3796
AD  - Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Hospital Universitario Gaffree 
      e Guinle, Centro de Ciencias Biologicas e da Saude, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de 
      Janeiro, Brazil.
FAU - Martins, Carlos Jose
AU  - Martins CJ
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4724-6967
AD  - Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Hospital Universitario Gaffree 
      e Guinle, Centro de Ciencias Biologicas e da Saude, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de 
      Janeiro, Brazil.
FAU - Basilio-de-Oliveira, Rodrigo Panno
AU  - Basilio-de-Oliveira RP
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1727-0950
AD  - Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Hospital Universitario Gaffree 
      e Guinle, Centro de Ciencias Biologicas e da Saude, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de 
      Janeiro, Brazil.
FAU - Araujo, Luciana Ferreira de
AU  - Araujo LF
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6323-4961
AD  - Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Hospital Universitario Gaffree 
      e Guinle, Centro de Ciencias Biologicas e da Saude, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de 
      Janeiro, Brazil.
FAU - Basilio-de-Oliveira, Carlos Alberto
AU  - Basilio-de-Oliveira CA
AD  - Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Hospital Universitario Gaffree 
      e Guinle, Centro de Ciencias Biologicas e da Saude, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de 
      Janeiro, Brazil.
FAU - Azevedo, Marcelo Costa Velho Mendes de
AU  - Azevedo MCVM
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3107-1461
AD  - Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Hospital Universitario Gaffree 
      e Guinle, Centro de Ciencias Biologicas e da Saude, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de 
      Janeiro, Brazil.
FAU - Pinto, Jorge Francisco da Cunha
AU  - Pinto JFDC
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2974-2687
AD  - Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Hospital Universitario Gaffree 
      e Guinle, Centro de Ciencias Biologicas e da Saude, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de 
      Janeiro, Brazil.
FAU - Vasconcellos, Sidra Ezidio Goncalves
AU  - Vasconcellos SEG
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6983-1310
AD  - Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratorio de Biologia Molecular Aplicada a 
      Micobacterias, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
FAU - Rodrigues-Dos-Santos, Icaro
AU  - Rodrigues-Dos-Santos I
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5614-9443
AD  - Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratorio de Biologia Molecular Aplicada a 
      Micobacterias, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
FAU - MagdinierGomes, Harrison
AU  - MagdinierGomes H
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6489-8003
AD  - Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratorio de Biologia Molecular Aplicada a 
      Micobacterias, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
FAU - Suffys, Philip Noel
AU  - Suffys PN
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8527-9300
AD  - Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratorio de Biologia Molecular Aplicada a 
      Micobacterias, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
LA  - eng
PT  - Case Reports
DEP - 20191220
PL  - Brazil
TA  - Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo
JT  - Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo
JID - 7507484
RN  - 0 (Anti-Retroviral Agents)
SB  - IM
MH  - AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/immunology/*microbiology
MH  - Adult
MH  - Anti-Retroviral Agents/*adverse effects/therapeutic use
MH  - CD4 Lymphocyte Count
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome/immunology/metabolism/*microbiology
MH  - Immunocompromised Host
MH  - Male
MH  - Mycobacterium Infections/immunology/*microbiology
MH  - Mycobacterium haemophilum/*isolation & purification
PMC - PMC6922018
COIS- CONFLICT OF INTERESTS The authors declare no potential conflicts of interest with 
      respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
EDAT- 2019/12/21 06:00
MHDA- 2020/02/06 06:00
PMCR- 2019/12/20
CRDT- 2019/12/21 06:00
PHST- 2019/10/08 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/11/27 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2019/12/21 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2019/12/21 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/02/06 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2019/12/20 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S0036-46652019005000512 [pii]
AID - 10.1590/S1678-9946201961071 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo. 2019 Dec 20;61:e71. doi: 
      10.1590/S1678-9946201961071. eCollection 2019.