PMID- 31901667
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20201118
LR  - 20210201
IS  - 1872-7654 (Electronic)
IS  - 0301-2115 (Print)
IS  - 0301-2115 (Linking)
VI  - 245
DP  - 2020 Feb
TI  - Bacterial vaginosis-A brief synopsis of the literature.
PG  - 143-148
LID - S0301-2115(19)30602-5 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2019.12.035 [doi]
AB  - Bacterial vaginosis (BV) affects women of reproductive age and can either be 
      symptomatic or asymptomatic. Approximately 50 % of women are symptomatic and 
      experience vaginal malodor, discharge, itching and increased vaginal pH. BV can 
      increase the risk of contracting many sexually transmitted infections (STIs) such 
      as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Neisseria gonorrhea (NG), Chlamydia 
      trachomatis (CT), Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) and herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2). 
      Though effective treatment options do exist, metronidazole or clindamycin, these 
      methods have proven not to be effective long term. The purpose of this review is 
      to summarize current literature on the epidemiology of BV and highlight areas of 
      deficiency in current clinical practice with respect to BV. BV recurrence rates 
      are high, approximately 80 % three months after effective treatment. Furthermore, 
      in some instances treatment is ineffective and BV persists. Literature also 
      documents the relationship between BV and human papillomavirus (HPV). HPV is the 
      most common sexually transmitted infection among young adult women while BV is 
      the most common cause of vaginal symptoms among women of reproductive age. BV is 
      associated with high levels of anaerobic organisms which can damage the vaginal 
      epithelium and increase the risk of HPV infection. Recent research also 
      highlights the role of the vaginal microbiome in BV. The results of this review 
      warrant further exploration into the etiology of BV as well as exploration of 
      more long-term effective treatment and the investigation of prognostic 
      indicators. Additionally, the need for a standard definition of recurrent and 
      persistent BV is recognized.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Coudray, Makella S
AU  - Coudray MS
AD  - Department of Epidemiology, Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, 
      Florida International University, USA. Electronic address: mcoud001@fiu.edu.
FAU - Madhivanan, Purnima
AU  - Madhivanan P
AD  - Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Mel & Enid Zuckerman College of Public 
      Health, University of Arizona, USA; Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious 
      Diseases, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tuscon, Arizona, USA; 
      Public Health Research Institute of India, Mysore, Karnataka, India; Family & 
      Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tuscon, Arizona, 
      USA.
LA  - eng
GR  - R15 AI128714/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20191224
PL  - Ireland
TA  - Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol
JT  - European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology
JID - 0375672
SB  - IM
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Microbiota
MH  - Recurrence
MH  - Vagina/microbiology
MH  - Vaginosis, Bacterial/diagnosis/*epidemiology/microbiology/therapy
PMC - PMC6989391
MID - NIHMS1548244
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Bacterial vaginosis
OT  - Sexually transmitted infections
OT  - Treatment
OT  - Vaginal microbiome
COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2020/01/07 06:00
MHDA- 2020/11/20 06:00
PMCR- 2021/02/01
CRDT- 2020/01/06 06:00
PHST- 2019/05/26 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/12/09 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2019/12/23 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/01/07 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/11/20 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/01/06 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/02/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S0301-2115(19)30602-5 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2019.12.035 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2020 Feb;245:143-148. doi: 
      10.1016/j.ejogrb.2019.12.035. Epub 2019 Dec 24.