PMID- 31909080
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20240327
IS  - 2328-8930 (Print)
IS  - 2328-8930 (Electronic)
VI  - 6
IP  - 11
DP  - 2019
TI  - Fate of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Ether Acids in the Total Oxidizable Precursor 
      Assay and Implications for the Analysis of Impacted Water.
PG  - 662-668
LID - 10.1021/acs.estlett.9b00525 [doi]
AB  - Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are widely used anthropogenic 
      chemicals. The PFAS class includes almost 5000 registered compounds, but 
      analytical methods are lacking for most PFASs. The total oxidizable precursor 
      (TOP) assay was developed to indirectly quantify unknown PFASs that are 
      precursors to commonly measured perfluoroalkyl acids. To understand the behavior 
      of recently identified per- and polyfluoroalkyl ether acids (PFEAs), including 
      fluorinated replacements and manufacturing byproducts, we determined the fate of 
      15 PFEAs in the TOP assay. Ten perfluoroalkyl ether acids and a chlorinated 
      polyfluoroalkyl ether acid (F-53B) were stable in the TOP assay and represent 
      terminal products that are likely as persistent as historically used PFASs. 
      Adding perfluoroalkyl ether acids and F-53B to the target analyte list for the 
      TOP assay is recommended to capture a higher percentage of the total PFAS 
      concentration in environmental samples. In contrast, polyfluoroalkyl ether acids 
      with a -O-CFH- moiety were oxidized, typically to products that could not be 
      identified by liquid chromatography and high-resolution mass spectrometry. 
      Application of the TOP assay in its proposed enhanced form revealed high levels 
      of PFEAs, the presence of precursors that form perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids, 
      and the absence of precursors that form PFEAs in surface water impacted by 
      PFAS-containing wastewater discharges.
FAU - Zhang, Chuhui
AU  - Zhang C
AD  - Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina 
      State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States.
FAU - Hopkins, Zachary R
AU  - Hopkins ZR
AD  - Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina 
      State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States.
FAU - McCord, James
AU  - McCord J
AD  - National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 
      Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, United States.
FAU - Strynar, Mark J
AU  - Strynar MJ
AD  - National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 
      Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, United States.
FAU - Knappe, Detlef R U
AU  - Knappe DRU
AD  - Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina 
      State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States.
LA  - eng
GR  - EPA999999/ImEPA/Intramural EPA/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - Environ Sci Technol Lett
JT  - Environmental science & technology letters
JID - 101628367
PMC - PMC6944312
MID - NIHMS1545030
EDAT- 2020/01/08 06:00
MHDA- 2020/01/08 06:01
PMCR- 2020/01/06
CRDT- 2020/01/08 06:00
PHST- 2020/01/08 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/01/08 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/01/08 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2020/01/06 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1021/acs.estlett.9b00525 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Sci Technol Lett. 2019;6(11):662-668. doi: 10.1021/acs.estlett.9b00525.