PMID- 31931859
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200608
LR  - 20200608
IS  - 1756-0500 (Electronic)
IS  - 1756-0500 (Linking)
VI  - 13
IP  - 1
DP  - 2020 Jan 13
TI  - Comparison of acridine orange fluorescent microscopy and gram stain light 
      microscopy for the rapid detection of bacteria in cerebrospinal fluid.
PG  - 29
LID - 10.1186/s13104-020-4895-7 [doi]
LID - 29
AB  - OBJECTIVE: Bacterial meningitis is a life threatening condition that requires 
      prompt recognition and treatment. Currently, Gram stain is widely used for the 
      microscopic detection of bacterial pathogens in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). In 
      Nepal, fluorescent microscopes have been installed in laboratories as a part of 
      the National tuberculosis control program. However, information on the utility of 
      the acridine orange (AO) stain for the direct detection of bacteria in CSF 
      samples in Nepal is not available. Therefore, this study aims to compare Gram 
      stain and AO stain for the rapid detection of bacterial pathogens in CSF of 
      clinically suspected meningitis cases in Kathmandu, Nepal. RESULTS: Bacterial 
      pathogens were detected in 9.30% (36/387) by either of the three tests, 9.04% 
      (35/387) by AO stain, 8.27% (32/387) by culture and 6.46% (25/387) by Gram's 
      stain. Considering culture as a gold standard, the sensitivity of AO stain was 
      higher than Gram stain. The specificity of AO stain was 98.87%. Detection and 
      differentiation of the bacteria was much clear in AO staining than Gram staining. 
      AO is a better alternative to Gram stain in the rapid detection of bacterial 
      pathogens in CSF in the setting where fluorescent microscope is available.
FAU - Sharma, Supriya
AU  - Sharma S
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0149-1732
AD  - Central Department of Microbiology, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, 
      Nepal. suprisharma@hotmail.com.
FAU - Acharya, Jyoti
AU  - Acharya J
AD  - National Public Health Laboratory, Teku, Kathmandu, Nepal.
FAU - Banjara, Megha Raj
AU  - Banjara MR
AD  - Central Department of Microbiology, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, 
      Nepal.
FAU - Ghimire, Prakash
AU  - Ghimire P
AD  - Central Department of Microbiology, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, 
      Nepal.
FAU - Singh, Anjana
AU  - Singh A
AD  - Central Department of Microbiology, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, 
      Nepal.
LA  - eng
GR  - PhD/73-74/S&T-01)/University Grants Commission- Nepal/
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20200113
PL  - England
TA  - BMC Res Notes
JT  - BMC research notes
JID - 101462768
RN  - 0 (Coloring Agents)
RN  - 0 (Fluorescent Dyes)
RN  - 0 (Gram's stain)
RN  - 0 (Phenazines)
RN  - F30N4O6XVV (Acridine Orange)
RN  - J4Z741D6O5 (Gentian Violet)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Acridine Orange/chemistry
MH  - Bacteria/*isolation & purification/pathogenicity
MH  - Cerebrospinal Fluid/*microbiology
MH  - Coloring Agents
MH  - *Fluorescent Dyes/chemistry
MH  - Gentian Violet/chemistry
MH  - Meningitis, Bacterial/*diagnosis/microbiology
MH  - Microscopy
MH  - *Microscopy, Fluorescence
MH  - Nepal
MH  - Phenazines/chemistry
MH  - Sensitivity and Specificity
MH  - Staining and Labeling
PMC - PMC6958790
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Acridine orange stain
OT  - Bacterial meningitis
OT  - Culture
OT  - Gram stain
COIS- The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
EDAT- 2020/01/15 06:00
MHDA- 2020/06/09 06:00
PMCR- 2020/01/13
CRDT- 2020/01/15 06:00
PHST- 2019/09/04 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/01/06 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/01/15 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/01/15 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/06/09 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/01/13 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1186/s13104-020-4895-7 [pii]
AID - 4895 [pii]
AID - 10.1186/s13104-020-4895-7 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - BMC Res Notes. 2020 Jan 13;13(1):29. doi: 10.1186/s13104-020-4895-7.