PMID- 31966133
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20200928
IS  - 1810-522X (Electronic)
IS  - 1021-5506 (Print)
IS  - 1021-5506 (Linking)
VI  - 54
DP  - 2015
TI  - The research on the formation mechanism of extraordinary oxidative capacity of 
      skeletal muscle in hibernating ground squirrels (Spermophilus dauricus).
PG  - e46
LID - 10.1186/s40555-015-0124-9 [doi]
LID - e46
AB  - BACKGROUND: Previous studies indicate that hibernating animals, under conditions 
      of torpor for long periods, show an increased oxidative muscle fibers (type I) 
      ratio and a decreased glycolytic muscle fibers (type II) ratio in skeletal muscle 
      and accompanied by extraordinary oxidative ability. This observation is 
      completely contrasted with non-hibernators, which show a shift of oxidative 
      muscle fibers (type I) to glycolytic muscle fibers (type II). Presently, the 
      mechanisms by which these changes occur remain unclear. To investigate the 
      mechanism of high oxidative capacity of the skeletal muscles in hibernating 
      ground squirrels, capillary density (CD), and capillary/fiber (C/F) were measured 
      by immunohistochemistry. mRNA expression levels of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha 
      (HIF-1alpha) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were determined using 
      real-time quantitative PCR assay. Spectrophotometry was applied to determine the 
      activities of hexokinase (PK), pyruvate kinase (HK), and cytochrome c oxidase 
      (CcO). RESULTS: Inthe soleus muscle (SOL), mRNA expression levels of 
      HIF-1alphaandVEGF in torpor became slightly lower but were not statistically 
      significant; they were, however, significantly higher in the arousal group. In 
      hibernating animals, no significant change occurred in CD but C/F increased by 15 
      %. CcO showed the highest activity in torpor. There were no significant 
      differences in the activities of HK and PK between the torpid animals and summer 
      active animals in SOL. However, PK activity increased by 34 % after hibernation. 
      CONCLUSIONS: Oxidative capacitymay be ensured by an increase of capillary supply 
      of skeletal muscle in hibernating animals.
FAU - Jiang, Shanfeng
AU  - Jiang S
AD  - Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest 
      University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an 71069, China.
FAU - Gao, Yunfang
AU  - Gao Y
AD  - Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest 
      University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an 71069, China.
FAU - Zhang, Yangmei
AU  - Zhang Y
AD  - Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest 
      University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an 71069, China.
FAU - Liu, Kun
AU  - Liu K
AD  - Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest 
      University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an 71069, China.
FAU - Wang, Huiping
AU  - Wang H
AD  - Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest 
      University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an 71069, China.
FAU - Goswami, Nandu
AU  - Goswami N
AD  - Institute of Physiology, Center of Physiological Medicine, Medical University 
      Graz, Graz, Austria.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20150615
PL  - China (Republic : 1949- )
TA  - Zool Stud
JT  - Zoological studies
JID - 9889708
PMC - PMC6661426
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - C/F
OT  - HIF-1alpha
OT  - Hibernation
OT  - Muscle disuse atrophy
OT  - VEGF
EDAT- 2015/06/15 00:00
MHDA- 2015/06/15 00:01
PMCR- 2015/06/15
CRDT- 2020/01/23 06:00
PHST- 2014/09/12 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2015/06/08 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/01/23 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2015/06/15 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/06/15 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 2015/06/15 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1186/s40555-015-0124-9 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Zool Stud. 2015 Jun 15;54:e46. doi: 10.1186/s40555-015-0124-9. eCollection 2015.