PMID- 31989873
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200827
LR  - 20221207
IS  - 1528-7394 (Print)
IS  - 0098-4108 (Linking)
VI  - 83
IP  - 1
DP  - 2020
TI  - Evaluation of genotoxicity potential of household effluents from onsite 
      wastewater treatment systems using umu test.
PG  - 36-44
LID - 10.1080/15287394.2020.1719447 [doi]
AB  - Household effluents are predominantly treated by wastewater treatment plants 
      (WWTPs). Other treatment methods, which were examined in this study, are also 
      used in the countryside. These treatment modes include (1) onsite toilet 
      wastewater treatment system (OTWTS), (2) onsite wastewater treatment system 
      (OWTS), (3) community wastewater treatment system (CWTS), and (4) onsite vault 
      toilet (OVT). Household effluents consist of excrements and urine released from 
      toilets as well as wastewater released from kitchens and bathrooms. In the 
      present study, household effluents that were discharged from the residential 
      areas having undergone similar treatment methodologies were compared using the 
      umu test, an in vitro bioassay to assess genotoxicity potential. The different 
      treatment methodologies were categorized based upon whether the two kinds of 
      wastewater were mixed or not mixed and treated or not treated. Treated wastewater 
      containing excrements and urine from the OTWTS exhibited the strongest 
      genotoxicity potential compared to other effluents, whereas most of the kitchen 
      and bathroom wastewater from OVT did not display genotoxicity. Data indicated 
      that the genotoxicants in the effluents originated primarily from excrements and 
      urine, and may increase an adverse environmental risk.
FAU - Bai, Wenzhi
AU  - Bai W
AD  - Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, 
      Nagasaki, Japan.
FAU - Takao, Yuji
AU  - Takao Y
AD  - Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, 
      Nagasaki, Japan.
FAU - Kubo, Takashi
AU  - Kubo T
AD  - Graduate School of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Nagasaki University, 
      Nagasaki, Japan.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20200128
PL  - England
TA  - J Toxicol Environ Health A
JT  - Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part A
JID - 100960995
RN  - 0 (Waste Water)
RN  - 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Biological Assay/methods
MH  - *DNA Damage
MH  - Family Characteristics
MH  - Humans
MH  - Japan
MH  - Liver/enzymology
MH  - Rats
MH  - Salmonella typhimurium/drug effects
MH  - Waste Disposal, Fluid/*methods
MH  - Wastewater/*toxicity
MH  - Water Pollutants, Chemical/toxicity
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Genotoxicity
OT  - household effluents
OT  - onsite wastewater treatment system
OT  - umu test
OT  - vault toilet
EDAT- 2020/01/29 06:00
MHDA- 2020/08/28 06:00
CRDT- 2020/01/29 06:00
PHST- 2020/01/29 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/08/28 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/01/29 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1080/15287394.2020.1719447 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2020;83(1):36-44. doi: 10.1080/15287394.2020.1719447. 
      Epub 2020 Jan 28.