PMID- 32010046
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20200928
IS  - 1664-2295 (Print)
IS  - 1664-2295 (Electronic)
IS  - 1664-2295 (Linking)
VI  - 10
DP  - 2019
TI  - Autoantibody Diagnostics in Neuroimmunology: Experience From the 2018 Italian 
      Neuroimmunology Association External Quality Assessment Program.
PG  - 1385
LID - 10.3389/fneur.2019.01385 [doi]
LID - 1385
AB  - Background: Neuroimmunology has impressively expanded in the past decade. Novel 
      assays, especially cell-based assays (CBAs) can detect conformational antibodies 
      (Abs) recognizing antigens in their native conformation. Generally, the 
      availability of in-house and of commercial tests has improved the diagnostics, 
      but introduced demanding laboratory tasks. Hence, standardization and quality 
      controls represent a key step to promote accuracy. We report on the results of 
      the 2018 external quality assessment program (EQAP) organized by the Italian 
      Neuroimmunology Association. Methods: EQAP regarded 10 schemes, including 
      oligoclonal bands (OCBs), intracellular-neuronal (ICN)-Abs, neuronal-surface 
      (NS)-Abs, aquaporin-4 (AQP4)-Abs, myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-Abs, 
      myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG)-Abs, ganglioside-Abs, acetylcholine-receptor 
      (AChR)-Abs, and muscle-specific-kinase (MuSK)-Abs, and 34 laboratories. Assays 
      were classified as tissue-based assays (TBAs), solid-phase assays (SPAs), 
      liquid-phase assays (LPAs), and CBAs. Thirty-three samples were provided. 
      Results: Three-quarter of the tests were commercial. Median accuracy for the 
      laboratories was 75% (range 50-100). In 8/10 schemes, at least one sample 
      provided discrepant results. Inter-laboratory "substantial agreement" was found 
      in 6/10 schemes (AChR, MuSK, MAG, AQP4, MOG, and NS-Abs), whereas the worst 
      agreements regarded OCBs and ganglioside-Abs. Both commercial and in-house assays 
      performed better in experienced laboratories. Conclusions: Assays could be 
      divided in (a) robust commercial tests with substantial inter-laboratory 
      agreement (MAG-Abs; AChR- and MuSK-Abs); commercial/"in-house" tests with (b) 
      partial inter-laboratory agreement (AQP4-Abs, MOG-Abs, NS-Abs, ICN-Abs), and (c) 
      with large inter-laboratory disagreement (OCBs, ganglioside-Abs). This real-life 
      snapshot of the neuroimmunology test performances highlights shortcomings 
      attributable to technician-dependent performances, assay structural limitations, 
      and errors in test interpretations.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2020 Gastaldi, Zardini, Scaranzin, Uccelli, Andreetta, Baggi and 
      Franciotta.
FAU - Gastaldi, Matteo
AU  - Gastaldi M
AD  - Neuroimmunology Laboratory, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy.
FAU - Zardini, Elisabetta
AU  - Zardini E
AD  - Neuroimmunology Laboratory, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy.
AD  - Department of Brain and Behavioral Science, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
FAU - Scaranzin, Silvia
AU  - Scaranzin S
AD  - Neuroimmunology Laboratory, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy.
FAU - Uccelli, Antonio
AU  - Uccelli A
AD  - Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and 
      Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
AD  - Ospedale Policlinico San Martino - IRCCS, Genoa, Italy.
FAU - Andreetta, Francesca
AU  - Andreetta F
AD  - UO Neurology IV, IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.
FAU - Baggi, Fulvio
AU  - Baggi F
AD  - UO Neurology IV, IRCCS Fondazione Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy.
FAU - Franciotta, Diego
AU  - Franciotta D
AD  - Neuroimmunology Laboratory, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20200114
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Front Neurol
JT  - Frontiers in neurology
JID - 101546899
PMC - PMC6971200
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - ELISA
OT  - antibodies
OT  - cell-based assays
OT  - external quality assessment scheme
OT  - neuroimmunology
OT  - radioimmunoassays
OT  - standardization
OT  - tissue-based assays
EDAT- 2020/02/06 06:00
MHDA- 2020/02/06 06:01
PMCR- 2020/01/14
CRDT- 2020/02/04 06:00
PHST- 2019/10/18 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/12/16 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/02/04 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/02/06 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/02/06 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2020/01/14 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.3389/fneur.2019.01385 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Neurol. 2020 Jan 14;10:1385. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2019.01385. eCollection 
      2019.